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目的了解池州市农村5岁以下儿童死亡情况,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机抽样方法确定池州市三县共9个乡镇为5岁以下儿童死亡监测区域,对0～4岁儿童及其死亡情况进行连续监测分析。结果5岁以下儿童死亡率,婴儿死亡率和新生儿死亡率分别为21.10‰,18.33‰和12.82‰。5岁以下儿童死亡前5位死因依次为肺炎、新生儿窒息、早产或低出生体重、先天性疾病、意外死亡。死亡多发在第一季度,死前诊治单位大多数集中在患儿所在村(39.25%),在家死亡达57.94%。结论做好孕期和新生儿期保健,控制儿童上呼吸道感染,实施出生缺陷监测,减少婴儿尤其新生儿死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的关键。
Objective To understand the death of children under 5 years of age in rural Chizhou and provide a scientific basis for making interventions. Methods Stratified stratified random sampling method was used to identify nine townships in three counties of Chizhou as death monitoring areas for children under 5 years of age. Continuous monitoring analysis was conducted on children aged 0-4 years and their deaths. Results The under-five mortality rate, the infant mortality rate and the neonatal mortality rate were 21.10 ‰, 18.33 ‰ and 12.82 ‰, respectively. The top 5 deaths among children under 5 years of age were pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia, premature birth or low birth weight, congenital diseases and accidental death. Multiple deaths In the first quarter, most of the pre-death diagnosis and treatment units were concentrated in the village where the children were located (39.25%) and 57.94% were at home. Conclusion It is the key to reduce the death of children under 5 years old during pregnancy and neonatal period, controlling children’s upper respiratory tract infection, monitoring birth defects and reducing infant and especially neonatal death.