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引言:科学情报的形式研究工作与研究结果的出版发行密切相关,由此而产生的知识便成为情报。这看起来似乎很清楚,因为我们习惯于把科学出版物与科技情报等同起来,把科学领域的情报传递理解为对科技出版物的参考。然而,这种观点是错误的。早在1911年德国人凯泽就提出把情报从文献中分离出来。他认为,我们需要的不是书刊而是情报,尽管这种情报包含在书刊里,但应将它作为不同的资料来处理。科学和科学出版物的历史表明了科学研究的发展影响出版物的发展过程。这可以从图书→期刊→报告的发展过程上反映出来。所谓“灰色”文献的传播不断扩大,是研究
Introduction: The formal research of scientific intelligence is closely related to the publication of research findings, and the resulting knowledge becomes intelligence. This seems plausible because we are accustomed to equating scientific publications with scientific and technological information and understanding the transmission of information in the field of science as a reference to scientific and technical publications. However, this view is wrong. As early as 1911 German Kaiser proposed the separation of intelligence from the literature. He believes that what we need is not books but intelligence, and although such information is contained in books and periodicals, it should be treated as a separate source. The history of scientific and scientific publications shows that the development of scientific research has influenced the development of publications. This can be reflected in the development of the book → periodical → report. The spread of so-called “gray” literature is research