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暂态功角失稳和暂态电压失稳是故障后系统失稳的两种表现形式，暂态功角失稳和暂态电压失稳现象有可能同时发生，正确区分这2种失稳模式是进行紧急控制的前提。分析大规模复杂电力系统输电断面的有功功率特性，基于功率全微分方程，提取了能反映系统失稳模式的主导系统变量。在此基础上，研究不同失稳模式与主导系统变量之间的关系，进而提出一种主导失稳模式识别方法。该方法能充分考虑系统的动态特性，仅利用实测数据进行计算。该方法物理意义明确，使用简单，计算速度快。仿真结果表明，运用此方法可有效识别系统的主导失稳模式。“,”Rotor angle instability and transient voltage instability are two forms of system instability during the post disturbance and may occur at the same time. Recognition between them is the pre-preparation for power system emergency control. This paper analyzed the characteristics of the active power on tie lines in large scale connected power systems and extracted the principal system variables reflecting the system unstable modes based on total differential equation of active power. Then the relationship between different unstable modes and principal system variables was shown and a method for recognizing principal modes was presented. This method can take full consideration of the system dynamic characteristic, and only needs real time measurements to calculate. Moreover, the method has clear physical meaning, is simple to use and has fast calculation speed. Simulation results show that the method is effective.