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一些木工师傅中流传着一种“横挑千斤竖顶万”的说法。它无非是让人们知道,同样一根木料,由于受力的方向不同,所能承受力的大小也不同。横向和纵向的承受力比通常为1:10左右。这句话对不对呢?从科学上看,它有一定的道理。设想:某一横梁支承跨度为3米,梁上中间有一个集中荷载P=5千牛。现以杉木作横梁,根据计算,这根横梁需要采用小头直径为16厘米的杉木,才能承受5千牛的荷载力。见图1。
Some carpenters circulated in a “horizontal cross-necked vertical top ten thousand” argument. It is nothing more than to let people know that the same piece of wood, due to the different directions of force, can withstand the size of the different. The horizontal and vertical bearing capacity ratio is usually about 1:10. Is this incorrect? From a scientific point of view, it has some truth. Assumption: a beam supporting span of 3 meters, the beam on the middle of a concentrated load P = 5 kN. Are now made of fir beams, according to calculations, this beam requires the use of small head diameter of 16 cm of fir, in order to withstand the load of 5 kN. see picture 1.