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利用电压钳技术和斑片钳技术对在体的和离体的内耳毛细胞电活动的离子基础研究已取得许多重要成果。本文总结了十余年来的有关文献,介绍了毛细胞顶侧膜上的机电转换通道和转换过程,底侧膜上的离子通道特性及毛细胞电谐振的频率调谐特性和离子机制。这些研究对理解毛细胞的换能机制,外周声信号的分析过程,毛细胞的运动特性,声损伤和耳毒性药物的作用机理及生理病理变化等都具有重要意义。
The use of voltage clamp and patch clamp techniques have yielded many important results in ion-based studies of the electrical activity of hair cells in vivo and ex vivo. This article summarizes more than ten years of relevant literature, describes the hair cell membrane on the top of the electromechanical conversion channels and conversion process, the membrane on the bottom membrane ion channel characteristics and electrical resonance tuning of hair cells and ionic mechanism. These studies are of great importance to understand the transduction mechanism of hair cells, the analysis process of peripheral acoustic signals, the movement characteristics of hair cells, the mechanism of action of sound damage and ototoxic drugs, and the changes of physiology and pathology.