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South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510000
Abstract. Instrumental music writing technique is a kind of relatively professional and complex but less used technological means in terms of composing popular songs .This article attempts to illustrate the important function and significance of instrumental music writing technique for composing popular music through the analysis of several composition.
Keywords: instrumental music writing technique, creating pop songs, "Empty City ", "Love in a Fallen City", "Ten farewell to Red army", "Chinese cabbage", "My love to tell you".
1. Introduction
In the research field of composing pop songs(the word "composing" in this paper refers to the melody writing,instruments arranger and recomposing of popular songs), few people has analyzed and studied it from the angle of composing technique theory, most of the analysis and researches are carried through the angle of melody writing. One reason is that creating popular songs is relatively simple, the second reason is that analysis and research of composing pop songs is relative lagging behind, theoretical study consciousness has not formed. A complete works should be the collection of melody writing, harmony writing，band writing and other such multiple technology creation in high quality [1].When examining and evaluating whether a popular song is good or not, we should not only analyze it from the angle of melody, but should perform comprehensive, three-dimensional analysis and evaluation. Although beautiful and catchy melody has provided innate good genes for the success of works, but for the composing of songs, especially the application of instrumental music writing techniques could completely bring brand-new deduction and extension of artful life. We could say that excellent composing has also possessed the powerful role of transforming the corruptible into mysterious life for song melody itself.
Generally speaking, as long as the composing of song involves instrumental performance or instrumental music writing,we can call its composing to be instrumental, but the instrumental music writing technique suggested in this paper embodies its characteristics in following aspects: first, the writing of accompaniment parts is relatively complicated, and it is not a simple rhythmic pattern and foil with flowers. Second, it has relatively independent writing characteristics of multiple voice part. Three, voice part writing has extensibility and variability, and has a relatively independent music language. Fourth, it has more complex harmony and tonality arrangement. Fifth, it is the creation expansion technique of symphony. 2. The Composing of Pure Popular Songs
General speaking, the composing of pure popular songs mostly uses small electroacoustic band for preparation and some electronic tone to perform orchestration accompaniment for existed single melody songs. On the instruments use, through removing the electronic sound which is for the purpose of obtaining certain kind of novel sound from the accompaniment of this kind of songs , most of the remaining traditional instruments are common "four items" (keyboard, guitar, bass, drum set) and musical instrument of string music set. The writing of accompaniment voice part is also the simple main tonal writing, that is taking the song melody as the main body, the other voice parts are in obvious accompaniment status. They are specifically embodied in followings: most piano (or keyboard instruments ) usually take column type and chords or broken chord as main texture form, even if it has melodic contour, it is often the echo and extension as well [2]. Thus, as the king of instruments, the strong expressive force of piano does actually not plays out; although guitar has the very high status in the pop music orchestration, but it emphatically embodies the "popular taste" of pop songs and takes the role of the rhythm function as pillar type,chord and broken chord under the perspective of the music language and texture characteristics of the guitar; bass and drum kit usually merge to be the bass and percussion music parts of music for existing independently; instruments of strings is common among popular songs, but most of the writing characteristics are types of background harmonic, long tone or deputy melodies, such string music can only be said to be "wasting one's talent on a petty job", but such writing can be found everywhere.
So how instrumental writing techniques get better application and reflection in pop songs? Undoubtedly, piano and strings become the kinds of instruments which could perfectly display instrumental writing techniques and reflect instrumental music language[3]. In the song-《empty city 》 sung by faye wong, voice parts of strings music has very clear and professional writing technique of instrumental music. The strings music acoustics is unusually plump and has strong sense of band and presence, voice register span and jumping of instrument is also very frequent, and their playing method is very abundant, the writing of voice part is quite delicate, which greatly reflects the instrument performance and expressive force of string music instrument. The writing of piano voice parts in this work also appears to be very instrumental and professional.Especially the central and later part of the song, voice part of piano instrument is more like a separate fantasia of Chopin type, its overall sound is magnificent, its texture is smooth, which has certain piano technique.The interlude of songs embodies the incomparable expressive force and appeal of instrumental writing technique more incisively and vividly, this paragraph is virtually the Cadenza of piano and chord band, even it almost can become an independent work. Strings and piano melodies have very important position as important voice parts of melody and rhythmic texture in pop songs, if strings writing and piano writing of instrumental music could handle very skillfully in pop songs, then it can provide greatly expressive force and development space for work. Of course! Instrumental music writing of strings and piano need certain knowledge of instruments and writing training practice. Polyphonic writing is also important content in melody writing of pop songs .In melody writing of popular songs, we can often hear songs in the form of an ensemble of male and female singers, but this kind of writing is often in the form of synchronization of two voice parts, mostly are the three, four, five degrees of synchronous overlap above or below main melody [4]. Introducing the writing method of polyphony in melody composition of an ensemble of male and female singers, especially the contrast polyphonic writing method could get unexpected results. Polyphonic writing methods of comparison is often used in the instrumental music writing, which is a kind of relatively advanced polyphonic writing method. It embodies the melody performance and rhythm characteristics with independent personality and comparison among voice parts in the same music times, while behaving mutual integration in overall work.The song-"Love in a Fallen City"sung by Sun yue and ShaBaoLiang uses the contrast polyphonic writing method. The conception of the song is very clever! Songs began with female voice by singing a period then boys sang the second period, these two periods are completely different in melody, rhythm, mode and character, female aria is on a minor, the boys' aria are on the A major of the same major. The author switches the roles of two completely different singing aria more finely and represents it at the same time in the form of contrast polyphony when at the chorus moment of song climax. We could hear that the same melody embodies unparalleled new meaning and obtains unexpected artistic effect.This is the perfect unity of instrumental music writing technique technically and artistically.
3. The Relationship Between Instrumental Music
and Pop Music
3.1 The classification of national instrumental music
National instrumental music could be divided into strings instruments, wind instruments, percussion instruments and plucked instruments, where the strings instruments and plucked instruments are the most popular music, stringed instruments, which includes Ching-hu, Kao-hu, Urheen, Chung-hu, Pan-Hu, plucked instruments includes Liu-chin, Lute, Ruan and Koto. The more widely applied instruments in pop music are Urheen and Koto, because these two kinds of musical instruments are the most representative, here I mainly introduce these two national instrumental music.
Urheen first began in Tang dynasty, it originated in a minority in the north region of ancient China, and then gradually spread into the central plains, until now it already has one thousand years of history, playing sound of Erh hu is close to human voice, emotional expression is extremely high, which is widely accepted by people, in the past, Erh hu was mostly used in folk music playing or the accompaniment of folk songs and Opera, now it has been adopted and used by many musicians in creation of popular music. Koto is an ancient ethnic musical instruments, which has many performing genre.Traditional Koto is divided into north and south on both sides in early times, these relatively representative regions are Zhejiang, Shandong, the Hakkas, Henan, Chaozhou.These five genres already have little difference in modern times, almost every people has the advantages of each approach. Koto has a wide range of applications and performance results in the pop music.
3.2 The relationship between instrumental music and pop music
With the development of popular music, some excellent music producers will not adopt ever music pattern homogeneously of taking guitar, drums, etc as accompaniment instruments used in pop music when composing music, but gradually increase some new national music elements. The fashion of "folk music elements" is not merely filled with pure fashion elements in popular music.It integrates our traditional music culture into the modern pop music through using the national channel type, adopting classic poetry to write songs and performing with the traditional ethnic musical instruments and modern electronic music. Pop music is a universal cultural phenomenon,what is more important is that the world is facing the electronic revolution era with information as center, it has network, video and other route of transmission, the transmission route of the pop music is broader, and the development of popular music will lead to the development of national music, which plays a positive role in promoting.
In the song-"the sword is like a dream" of Wakin Chau , flute louds straight into the sky resonantly and clearly, dulcimer cris is clear and melodious like spasmodical hoofbeat, the scene of heroes' chasing the deer on empty prairie will appear before your eyes; in the song -"Torna a Surriento " of Priscilla Chan, some sound of suona horn at the door is heartbreaking and heart-broken.Three instruments in the song "just like you" of Danny Chan express the blandness in man's heart and hesitant performance in front of the emotion incisively and vividly. "A Chinese Ghost Story" of Leslie Cheung makes audience really realize what is "D and HTCG-HR as LA". For the song-"Billions of emperor" of Clesti , the jubilant atmosphere of New Year's Eve could only be embodied through Suona horn and small gong. The Erh hu in the song-"Burning Snow " of Winnie sounds pathetic and pressing, which makes you give off most intense shout from the bottom of your heart . 3.3 The application of national instrumental music
From ancient musical instruments of chime stone, oboe,chimes, Koto etc to later El Iute,Dong-Xiao, flute, Erh hu etc, it shows that China has a long history of national musical instruments, the species are numerous, these instruments not only have a unique tone, but also rich in expressive force, so using ethnic musical instruments to enrich themselves and create a more personalized music and make it become another inevitable choice of pop music. Wang Yong, although he is the pioneer of China's rock and roll, but he never left the field of using ethnic musical instruments. He composed the song-"future life" with Koto,Liu-chin, Sheng, which is both classical and popular, it not only embodies the aesthetic concept and composing technique of modern music, but also reflects the rich expressive force of national musical instrument. It is called the perfect combination of tradition and fashion [5].The couple of Feng Xiaoquan, Ceng Gege are popular singers and folk music performers as well, they even combine ethnic musical instruments with pop music flawlessly, ethnic instruments like xiao, flute almost become the main characteristics of both modern and aestheticism music [6].
4. Recreating the Songs with Fashion Elements
Today, a growing number of Chinese folk songs have been performed by many singers with various approach and style. In order to spread them more widely and make them well known and be accepted by more young listeners, injecting fashion elements into the recreated folk songs becomes the major means. But blindly pursuing fashion and pop will make it lose the lasting appeal and artistic conception of original songs.Through using instrumental music writing technique to recompose existing songs, which not only can make the conception of songs' paragraph look brand-new, but also provide more diverse and extensive playing room for orchestration performer. In the album "well- establishment and long standing" of Li-Yuan Peng has some composition of folk songs, which is not only instrumental but also appears very contemporary on the music style [7]. Where in the middle section and climax period of "Ten farewell to Red army", the creator adopts large length to separately represent music language of instrumental music, each voice part of music fully shows the writing characteristics of orchestral music, the connotation and tension of the song has been greatly enhanced. What leaves people deep impression is that the concertato medium between brass instruments and chasing constantly pushes music to a climax, this way of orchestration is very rare in the new folk songs, such band paragraphs with bold and long length leave the reappearance of human voice with a very strong sense of expectation and novelty, the tension and length of songs has improved greatly. Instrumental music accompaniment and human voice in the song is no longer the traditional "master-slave relationship," these two components are matched and cooperate to bring out the best in each other, such orchestration could not only retain the works as a feature of songs, but also greatly deepen the connotation of the song. More complex tonal arrangement and harmony writing is also the important content in writing style of instrumental music. It is well known that tonality and harmony language of songs is relatively single. Of course, simple tonal arrangement and harmonic language will be beneficial to songs. But rich tonal arrangement and harmony language can not only make the appeal and sense of color in songs be greatly increased, but also greatly increases the comparison degree of emotion. Another song- "Chinese cabbage" sung by Li-Yuan Peng is also very instrumental in tonal arrangement and harmony writing, while the vertical structure of harmony is not very complicated, but the organization of the crosswise is bold, the song "Chinese cabbage" which only containing a few words starts almost with different tonal in different sentence, which dissociates constantly, but that does not make the listener feel weird and disorderly.Instead, the folk songs with only several sentences are full of rich color, with emotional expression transmitted into layers and distilled step by step. Because of the continuous arrangement of harmony and tonal, it also makes this "small folk song" into a "large work". Such writing technique is not inseparable with profound music background of orchestration performer.
5. Brand New Composition of Popular Songs
In "WAVE STILL——Symphony Chorus concert of Guangdong popular music for 30 years", the author makes a new attempt for symphony chorus to compose popular songs. The integration of pop songs with the orchestra strings is not what is new, many singers' concerts have been accompanied by the orchestra strings, which also had obtained good effect.But the combination of the band and singing does not leave singing level, it still takes "singing"as the main body, the band is in the form of accompaniment.When the editor is recomposing and conceiving "My love to tell you", he has ever thought about whether could break through the previous form of band accompaniment, solo or chorus, instead give priority to band performing, take singing as the auxiliary, even completely adopt the instrumental writing technique which spread with motivation to compose the pop song [8]. In practice, the author made such attempts, and got consistent approval of experts and audiences.
In writing songs of orchestral music style, it is inevitable to let the band pronouncer be instrumental. But placing the orchestral strings writing or the writing technique of instrumental music in band form on composing popular songs, and taking the band statement as the main body of music is very rare. Here, it does not mean taking the deductive way of fully copying main melody aria of songs, and if so it still stays at the level of orchestrating for main melody of songs.The author attempts to completely break the melody structure of song completely, and performs an autopsy to the constitution of melodic contour, entirely rearrange and recompose the melody motivation in song with thinking mode of writing in influential band, make the melodic elements after the composition be instrumental music as much as possible, so it is beneficial to the development of music motivation.For example, in the composition of "My love to tell you", the author will reorganize the rhythm of four tones which are the start of song melody, and then take them as thematic motives for presentation and expansion, it is first introduced by the statement of the adagio, after going through a period of development, changes and mood accumulation in different instruments and different region of articulation, it enters the new paragraph which takes rapidly tone figuration of string treble and gives priority to the rendering of copper pipe. In this segment, the paper performs next statement for changed theme motive through trumpet of streicher violoncello dampfer, then transfers it to the woodwind group for displaying its deformed melody fragment, gradually, each voice part of copper pipe successively appears theme motivation and changed theme motivation until their mutual conflicting, mixing into the next paragraph. After theme motivation going through paragraph upfolding at these two different speed and image, it finally introduces lord singing section of a song relatively completely.This aria is deduced by pure female chorus, and further deepens the artistic conception of" soft wind and light cloud" in the song under the soil of light strings and harp, which forms strong comparison with above passage of rapidly concertato style, also makes full preparation for the theme presentation of deputy song for the end of the original song.Chorus theme appears in the climax of the whole song, its theme material does not occur in any one place before, this is because the author deliberately let the chorus themes appear with extremely fresh sense of hearing feeling,it is also because that this theme has not appeared ahead of schedule, which made the theme repeat again on tonality of high degree after completely repeating two times without making us feeling tired, and finally ends with strong close. This is a very popular symphony chorus work, but due to the use of the instrumental music writing technique of symphony, that makes the pop song be perfectly instrumental, and endows the song with brand new music performance and auditory experience. It greatly broadens the lateral structure of the song at the same time, also more profoundly presents creation connotation of songs. Instrumental music writing technique is relatively professional and complex technological means in terms of composing popular songs. It is noteworthy that in recent years some popular songs using this technique for creation and orchestration have been gradually appeared [9]. Although the attributes of pop songs determines that the song itself should always appear in an approachable and straightaway form, but the appropriate use of instrumental music writing technique brings more artistic expression to pop songs.Concrete manifestation is that it has greatly enriched the music language of music and broadened the expressiveness and artistry of works which provides more broad space for development and imagination for composing popular music; it also has offered irreplaceable help for improving the music accomplishment and aesthetic judgment of common people.
6. Conclusion
No matter how much pop music has the color of western pop music, but it still is the product of the Chinese culture and Chinese music fundamentally,it is also the musical description of spirit temperament in the feelings of Chinese nation. The national instrumental music is not only used in the national band, its use in the pop music is a kind of trend for developing music, only through better applying national instrumental music into pop music, we can innovate and grow more and more.
References
[1] Xuna Liu; acoustic research of Brahms' three piano sonatas [J];Recent Tones of Yueh-Fu (Shenyang music college journal); 2011,02
[2] Hui Sun;Parsing the performing of piano works in sonata form [J]; Recent Tones of Yueh-Fu (Shenyang music college journal); 2011,02
[3] Zhengjun Yang;Discuss the alienation development of sonata form—take Prokofiev's "The first violin concerto" and "The Butterfly Lovers" of violin concerto for example [J];Journal of xinghai conservatory music. 2011,02
[4] Youling Li ;Brief analysis of Beethoven's piano sonata Op. 109 music connotation [J];Journal of Hubei institute of adult education; 2011,04
[5] Binfei Xie;Examine the development of tonal language among the works from the baroque period to the late romantic style [A];seminar paper assembly for harmony polyphony teaching in China [C]; 2010
[6] ZHOU Bang-chun，Concerning the overall music teaching means in teaching, the application of instrumental ensemble[D],Journal of Hunan Institute of Humanities, Science and Technology,2010(03)
[7] Xin He,The application of modern education technology is popular in colleges and universities music education research and practice[D],Art Education,2010(04)
[8] Lan Zhang;Yanping Zhang, On pop music thinking and exploration of higher education[D],National Music,2010(02)
[9] Chen Xi, Instrumental music ensemble music specialty teaching research[D],The World of Music,2011(12)
Abstract. Instrumental music writing technique is a kind of relatively professional and complex but less used technological means in terms of composing popular songs .This article attempts to illustrate the important function and significance of instrumental music writing technique for composing popular music through the analysis of several composition.
Keywords: instrumental music writing technique, creating pop songs, "Empty City ", "Love in a Fallen City", "Ten farewell to Red army", "Chinese cabbage", "My love to tell you".
1. Introduction
In the research field of composing pop songs(the word "composing" in this paper refers to the melody writing,instruments arranger and recomposing of popular songs), few people has analyzed and studied it from the angle of composing technique theory, most of the analysis and researches are carried through the angle of melody writing. One reason is that creating popular songs is relatively simple, the second reason is that analysis and research of composing pop songs is relative lagging behind, theoretical study consciousness has not formed. A complete works should be the collection of melody writing, harmony writing，band writing and other such multiple technology creation in high quality [1].When examining and evaluating whether a popular song is good or not, we should not only analyze it from the angle of melody, but should perform comprehensive, three-dimensional analysis and evaluation. Although beautiful and catchy melody has provided innate good genes for the success of works, but for the composing of songs, especially the application of instrumental music writing techniques could completely bring brand-new deduction and extension of artful life. We could say that excellent composing has also possessed the powerful role of transforming the corruptible into mysterious life for song melody itself.
Generally speaking, as long as the composing of song involves instrumental performance or instrumental music writing,we can call its composing to be instrumental, but the instrumental music writing technique suggested in this paper embodies its characteristics in following aspects: first, the writing of accompaniment parts is relatively complicated, and it is not a simple rhythmic pattern and foil with flowers. Second, it has relatively independent writing characteristics of multiple voice part. Three, voice part writing has extensibility and variability, and has a relatively independent music language. Fourth, it has more complex harmony and tonality arrangement. Fifth, it is the creation expansion technique of symphony. 2. The Composing of Pure Popular Songs
General speaking, the composing of pure popular songs mostly uses small electroacoustic band for preparation and some electronic tone to perform orchestration accompaniment for existed single melody songs. On the instruments use, through removing the electronic sound which is for the purpose of obtaining certain kind of novel sound from the accompaniment of this kind of songs , most of the remaining traditional instruments are common "four items" (keyboard, guitar, bass, drum set) and musical instrument of string music set. The writing of accompaniment voice part is also the simple main tonal writing, that is taking the song melody as the main body, the other voice parts are in obvious accompaniment status. They are specifically embodied in followings: most piano (or keyboard instruments ) usually take column type and chords or broken chord as main texture form, even if it has melodic contour, it is often the echo and extension as well [2]. Thus, as the king of instruments, the strong expressive force of piano does actually not plays out; although guitar has the very high status in the pop music orchestration, but it emphatically embodies the "popular taste" of pop songs and takes the role of the rhythm function as pillar type,chord and broken chord under the perspective of the music language and texture characteristics of the guitar; bass and drum kit usually merge to be the bass and percussion music parts of music for existing independently; instruments of strings is common among popular songs, but most of the writing characteristics are types of background harmonic, long tone or deputy melodies, such string music can only be said to be "wasting one's talent on a petty job", but such writing can be found everywhere.
So how instrumental writing techniques get better application and reflection in pop songs? Undoubtedly, piano and strings become the kinds of instruments which could perfectly display instrumental writing techniques and reflect instrumental music language[3]. In the song-《empty city 》 sung by faye wong, voice parts of strings music has very clear and professional writing technique of instrumental music. The strings music acoustics is unusually plump and has strong sense of band and presence, voice register span and jumping of instrument is also very frequent, and their playing method is very abundant, the writing of voice part is quite delicate, which greatly reflects the instrument performance and expressive force of string music instrument. The writing of piano voice parts in this work also appears to be very instrumental and professional.Especially the central and later part of the song, voice part of piano instrument is more like a separate fantasia of Chopin type, its overall sound is magnificent, its texture is smooth, which has certain piano technique.The interlude of songs embodies the incomparable expressive force and appeal of instrumental writing technique more incisively and vividly, this paragraph is virtually the Cadenza of piano and chord band, even it almost can become an independent work. Strings and piano melodies have very important position as important voice parts of melody and rhythmic texture in pop songs, if strings writing and piano writing of instrumental music could handle very skillfully in pop songs, then it can provide greatly expressive force and development space for work. Of course! Instrumental music writing of strings and piano need certain knowledge of instruments and writing training practice. Polyphonic writing is also important content in melody writing of pop songs .In melody writing of popular songs, we can often hear songs in the form of an ensemble of male and female singers, but this kind of writing is often in the form of synchronization of two voice parts, mostly are the three, four, five degrees of synchronous overlap above or below main melody [4]. Introducing the writing method of polyphony in melody composition of an ensemble of male and female singers, especially the contrast polyphonic writing method could get unexpected results. Polyphonic writing methods of comparison is often used in the instrumental music writing, which is a kind of relatively advanced polyphonic writing method. It embodies the melody performance and rhythm characteristics with independent personality and comparison among voice parts in the same music times, while behaving mutual integration in overall work.The song-"Love in a Fallen City"sung by Sun yue and ShaBaoLiang uses the contrast polyphonic writing method. The conception of the song is very clever! Songs began with female voice by singing a period then boys sang the second period, these two periods are completely different in melody, rhythm, mode and character, female aria is on a minor, the boys' aria are on the A major of the same major. The author switches the roles of two completely different singing aria more finely and represents it at the same time in the form of contrast polyphony when at the chorus moment of song climax. We could hear that the same melody embodies unparalleled new meaning and obtains unexpected artistic effect.This is the perfect unity of instrumental music writing technique technically and artistically.
3. The Relationship Between Instrumental Music
and Pop Music
3.1 The classification of national instrumental music
National instrumental music could be divided into strings instruments, wind instruments, percussion instruments and plucked instruments, where the strings instruments and plucked instruments are the most popular music, stringed instruments, which includes Ching-hu, Kao-hu, Urheen, Chung-hu, Pan-Hu, plucked instruments includes Liu-chin, Lute, Ruan and Koto. The more widely applied instruments in pop music are Urheen and Koto, because these two kinds of musical instruments are the most representative, here I mainly introduce these two national instrumental music.
Urheen first began in Tang dynasty, it originated in a minority in the north region of ancient China, and then gradually spread into the central plains, until now it already has one thousand years of history, playing sound of Erh hu is close to human voice, emotional expression is extremely high, which is widely accepted by people, in the past, Erh hu was mostly used in folk music playing or the accompaniment of folk songs and Opera, now it has been adopted and used by many musicians in creation of popular music. Koto is an ancient ethnic musical instruments, which has many performing genre.Traditional Koto is divided into north and south on both sides in early times, these relatively representative regions are Zhejiang, Shandong, the Hakkas, Henan, Chaozhou.These five genres already have little difference in modern times, almost every people has the advantages of each approach. Koto has a wide range of applications and performance results in the pop music.
3.2 The relationship between instrumental music and pop music
With the development of popular music, some excellent music producers will not adopt ever music pattern homogeneously of taking guitar, drums, etc as accompaniment instruments used in pop music when composing music, but gradually increase some new national music elements. The fashion of "folk music elements" is not merely filled with pure fashion elements in popular music.It integrates our traditional music culture into the modern pop music through using the national channel type, adopting classic poetry to write songs and performing with the traditional ethnic musical instruments and modern electronic music. Pop music is a universal cultural phenomenon,what is more important is that the world is facing the electronic revolution era with information as center, it has network, video and other route of transmission, the transmission route of the pop music is broader, and the development of popular music will lead to the development of national music, which plays a positive role in promoting.
In the song-"the sword is like a dream" of Wakin Chau , flute louds straight into the sky resonantly and clearly, dulcimer cris is clear and melodious like spasmodical hoofbeat, the scene of heroes' chasing the deer on empty prairie will appear before your eyes; in the song -"Torna a Surriento " of Priscilla Chan, some sound of suona horn at the door is heartbreaking and heart-broken.Three instruments in the song "just like you" of Danny Chan express the blandness in man's heart and hesitant performance in front of the emotion incisively and vividly. "A Chinese Ghost Story" of Leslie Cheung makes audience really realize what is "D and HTCG-HR as LA". For the song-"Billions of emperor" of Clesti , the jubilant atmosphere of New Year's Eve could only be embodied through Suona horn and small gong. The Erh hu in the song-"Burning Snow " of Winnie sounds pathetic and pressing, which makes you give off most intense shout from the bottom of your heart . 3.3 The application of national instrumental music
From ancient musical instruments of chime stone, oboe,chimes, Koto etc to later El Iute,Dong-Xiao, flute, Erh hu etc, it shows that China has a long history of national musical instruments, the species are numerous, these instruments not only have a unique tone, but also rich in expressive force, so using ethnic musical instruments to enrich themselves and create a more personalized music and make it become another inevitable choice of pop music. Wang Yong, although he is the pioneer of China's rock and roll, but he never left the field of using ethnic musical instruments. He composed the song-"future life" with Koto,Liu-chin, Sheng, which is both classical and popular, it not only embodies the aesthetic concept and composing technique of modern music, but also reflects the rich expressive force of national musical instrument. It is called the perfect combination of tradition and fashion [5].The couple of Feng Xiaoquan, Ceng Gege are popular singers and folk music performers as well, they even combine ethnic musical instruments with pop music flawlessly, ethnic instruments like xiao, flute almost become the main characteristics of both modern and aestheticism music [6].
4. Recreating the Songs with Fashion Elements
Today, a growing number of Chinese folk songs have been performed by many singers with various approach and style. In order to spread them more widely and make them well known and be accepted by more young listeners, injecting fashion elements into the recreated folk songs becomes the major means. But blindly pursuing fashion and pop will make it lose the lasting appeal and artistic conception of original songs.Through using instrumental music writing technique to recompose existing songs, which not only can make the conception of songs' paragraph look brand-new, but also provide more diverse and extensive playing room for orchestration performer. In the album "well- establishment and long standing" of Li-Yuan Peng has some composition of folk songs, which is not only instrumental but also appears very contemporary on the music style [7]. Where in the middle section and climax period of "Ten farewell to Red army", the creator adopts large length to separately represent music language of instrumental music, each voice part of music fully shows the writing characteristics of orchestral music, the connotation and tension of the song has been greatly enhanced. What leaves people deep impression is that the concertato medium between brass instruments and chasing constantly pushes music to a climax, this way of orchestration is very rare in the new folk songs, such band paragraphs with bold and long length leave the reappearance of human voice with a very strong sense of expectation and novelty, the tension and length of songs has improved greatly. Instrumental music accompaniment and human voice in the song is no longer the traditional "master-slave relationship," these two components are matched and cooperate to bring out the best in each other, such orchestration could not only retain the works as a feature of songs, but also greatly deepen the connotation of the song. More complex tonal arrangement and harmony writing is also the important content in writing style of instrumental music. It is well known that tonality and harmony language of songs is relatively single. Of course, simple tonal arrangement and harmonic language will be beneficial to songs. But rich tonal arrangement and harmony language can not only make the appeal and sense of color in songs be greatly increased, but also greatly increases the comparison degree of emotion. Another song- "Chinese cabbage" sung by Li-Yuan Peng is also very instrumental in tonal arrangement and harmony writing, while the vertical structure of harmony is not very complicated, but the organization of the crosswise is bold, the song "Chinese cabbage" which only containing a few words starts almost with different tonal in different sentence, which dissociates constantly, but that does not make the listener feel weird and disorderly.Instead, the folk songs with only several sentences are full of rich color, with emotional expression transmitted into layers and distilled step by step. Because of the continuous arrangement of harmony and tonal, it also makes this "small folk song" into a "large work". Such writing technique is not inseparable with profound music background of orchestration performer.
5. Brand New Composition of Popular Songs
In "WAVE STILL——Symphony Chorus concert of Guangdong popular music for 30 years", the author makes a new attempt for symphony chorus to compose popular songs. The integration of pop songs with the orchestra strings is not what is new, many singers' concerts have been accompanied by the orchestra strings, which also had obtained good effect.But the combination of the band and singing does not leave singing level, it still takes "singing"as the main body, the band is in the form of accompaniment.When the editor is recomposing and conceiving "My love to tell you", he has ever thought about whether could break through the previous form of band accompaniment, solo or chorus, instead give priority to band performing, take singing as the auxiliary, even completely adopt the instrumental writing technique which spread with motivation to compose the pop song [8]. In practice, the author made such attempts, and got consistent approval of experts and audiences.
In writing songs of orchestral music style, it is inevitable to let the band pronouncer be instrumental. But placing the orchestral strings writing or the writing technique of instrumental music in band form on composing popular songs, and taking the band statement as the main body of music is very rare. Here, it does not mean taking the deductive way of fully copying main melody aria of songs, and if so it still stays at the level of orchestrating for main melody of songs.The author attempts to completely break the melody structure of song completely, and performs an autopsy to the constitution of melodic contour, entirely rearrange and recompose the melody motivation in song with thinking mode of writing in influential band, make the melodic elements after the composition be instrumental music as much as possible, so it is beneficial to the development of music motivation.For example, in the composition of "My love to tell you", the author will reorganize the rhythm of four tones which are the start of song melody, and then take them as thematic motives for presentation and expansion, it is first introduced by the statement of the adagio, after going through a period of development, changes and mood accumulation in different instruments and different region of articulation, it enters the new paragraph which takes rapidly tone figuration of string treble and gives priority to the rendering of copper pipe. In this segment, the paper performs next statement for changed theme motive through trumpet of streicher violoncello dampfer, then transfers it to the woodwind group for displaying its deformed melody fragment, gradually, each voice part of copper pipe successively appears theme motivation and changed theme motivation until their mutual conflicting, mixing into the next paragraph. After theme motivation going through paragraph upfolding at these two different speed and image, it finally introduces lord singing section of a song relatively completely.This aria is deduced by pure female chorus, and further deepens the artistic conception of" soft wind and light cloud" in the song under the soil of light strings and harp, which forms strong comparison with above passage of rapidly concertato style, also makes full preparation for the theme presentation of deputy song for the end of the original song.Chorus theme appears in the climax of the whole song, its theme material does not occur in any one place before, this is because the author deliberately let the chorus themes appear with extremely fresh sense of hearing feeling,it is also because that this theme has not appeared ahead of schedule, which made the theme repeat again on tonality of high degree after completely repeating two times without making us feeling tired, and finally ends with strong close. This is a very popular symphony chorus work, but due to the use of the instrumental music writing technique of symphony, that makes the pop song be perfectly instrumental, and endows the song with brand new music performance and auditory experience. It greatly broadens the lateral structure of the song at the same time, also more profoundly presents creation connotation of songs. Instrumental music writing technique is relatively professional and complex technological means in terms of composing popular songs. It is noteworthy that in recent years some popular songs using this technique for creation and orchestration have been gradually appeared [9]. Although the attributes of pop songs determines that the song itself should always appear in an approachable and straightaway form, but the appropriate use of instrumental music writing technique brings more artistic expression to pop songs.Concrete manifestation is that it has greatly enriched the music language of music and broadened the expressiveness and artistry of works which provides more broad space for development and imagination for composing popular music; it also has offered irreplaceable help for improving the music accomplishment and aesthetic judgment of common people.
6. Conclusion
No matter how much pop music has the color of western pop music, but it still is the product of the Chinese culture and Chinese music fundamentally,it is also the musical description of spirit temperament in the feelings of Chinese nation. The national instrumental music is not only used in the national band, its use in the pop music is a kind of trend for developing music, only through better applying national instrumental music into pop music, we can innovate and grow more and more.
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