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目的运用基于社区的两级健康教育模式对湖沼型血吸虫病流行区居民进行干预,探索低流行水平下的健康教育模式。方法在湖北省江陵县选取两个血吸虫病流行村,干预村实施以社区为基础的两级健康教育干预模式和常规防治措施,对照村仅实施常规防治措施,比较干预前后两村村民血防知识知晓率、健康行为率、查病和治病依从性等。结果 2014年基线调查结果显示,干预组与对照组血防知识知晓率分别为84.00%和77.45%,正确行为率分别为72.00%和63.73%,治病依从率分别为80.36%和82.28%,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。干预后,干预组与对照组行为正确率分别为92.31%和80.37%,查病依从率分别为95.11%和82.55%,化疗依从率分别为84.13%和63.64%,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);与干预前相比,干预组干预后查病、治病及化疗依从率增幅分别为20.97%、15.33%、23.29%,对照组增幅分别为14.27%、4.17%、-3.77%,干预组均高于对照组。结论基于社区的两级健康教育模式可有效提高目标人群的查、治病依从性,适宜在湖沼地区推广应用。
Objective To use community-based two-level health education model to intervene the residents in the endemic area of schistosomiasis lakes and explore the mode of health education at low prevalence. Methods Two schistosomiasis endemic villages were selected in Jiangling County, Hubei Province. Community-based two-level health education interventions and routine prevention and treatment intervention were conducted in intervention villages. Conventional prevention and control measures were implemented in control villages. Rate, the rate of healthy behavior, check the disease and treatment compliance. Results According to the baseline survey in 2014, the awareness rate of blood-borne knowledge in intervention group and control group were 84.00% and 77.45% respectively, the correct behavior rates were 72.00% and 63.73% respectively, and the compliance rate was 80.36% and 82.28% No statistical significance (P> 0.05). After the intervention, the intervention group and the control group were 92.31% and 80.37%, 95.11% and 82.55% respectively, and the complication rates were 84.13% and 63.64% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P (P <0.05). Compared with that before intervention, the intervention rate of intervention, treatment and chemotherapy in the intervention group were 20.97%, 15.33% and 23.29% respectively, while that in the control group were 14.27%, 4.17% and 3.77% , Intervention group were higher than the control group. Conclusion Based on community two-level health education model can effectively improve the target population investigation, treatment compliance, suitable for popularization and application in lakes and mountains.