论文部分内容阅读
一种对乡村生活的伊甸园式的想象根植于人类历史,并通过各种艺术作品流传至今。在城市化和工业化的英国,这种想象变得更加栩栩如生。乡村在文化上被定义为一种平衡性的力量,一个逃避或治愈工业社会弊端的途径。不仅如此,乡村还成了“家”的代名词,甚至是英国国家认同的重要组成部分。然而,进入20世纪,城市化以及现代农业的发展给乡村带来了前所未有的冲击。对此,英国政府和社会积极行动,采取各种措施,有效地保护了乡村的景观和文化。与此同时,大量英国人到乡村游玩,并有数量众多的城市中产阶级迁往乡村居住。因此乡村不再单纯属于农民,而是成为全民的伊甸园。在这个过程中,城市移民为乡村带来了活力与财富,但也加剧了乡村的贫富分化,并引发了城市移民和本地农民之间的一系列冲突。尽管如此,矛盾并不能阻碍融合,城乡一体化在英国已是大势所趋。
An Eden-like imagination of rural life is rooted in human history and has been passed on to various works of art. In the urbanization and industrialization of Britain, this imagination has become more vivid. The countryside is culturally defined as a balance of power, a way to evade or cure the shortcomings of industrial society. Moreover, the countryside has become synonymous with “home” and even an important part of British national identity. However, in the 20th century, urbanization and the development of modern agriculture have brought an unprecedented impact on the countryside. In response, the British government and the community took active measures to take various measures to effectively protect the rural landscape and culture. In the meantime, a large number of Britons have traveled to the countryside and have a large number of urban middle-class families moving to the countryside. Therefore, the countryside no longer belongs to the peasants alone, but becomes the Eden for all. In the process, urban migration brought vitality and wealth to rural areas, but it also aggravated rural polarization between rich and poor and triggered a series of conflicts between urban migrants and local peasants. In spite of this, the conflict does not hinder the integration and the integration of urban and rural areas in the United Kingdom is the trend of the times.