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目的监测手足口病的病原体,为预防和控制肠道病毒感染提供依据。方法采集手足口病患儿的粪便、肛拭子、咽拭子、疱疹液进行RT-PCR定性,肠道病毒通用引物阳性的标本进行病毒分离;分离株用EV71和CA16的VP1基因的特异性引物进行RT-PCR鉴定。结果共收集患儿标本443份,肠道病毒通用引物阳性259份;做病毒分离256份,阳性150份,其中粪便158份,病毒分离阳性112份,阳性率为70.89%;肛拭子21份,病毒分离阳性10份,阳性率为47.62%;咽拭子65份,病毒分离阳性26份,阳性率为40.00%;疱疹液10份,病毒分离阳性2份,阳性率为20.00%。结论粪便、肛拭子、咽拭子、疱疹液的分离率有显著差异,粪便分离率最高;EV71和CA16是引起小儿手足口病的主要病原体,死亡病例全部是由EV71病毒引起。
Objective To monitor pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease and provide basis for prevention and control of enterovirus infection. Methods The feces, anal swabs, throat swabs and herpes fluid of HFMD children were collected for RT-PCR qualitative and enterovirus positive primer-positive samples for virus isolation. The isolates were identified by the specificity of VP1 gene of EV71 and CA16 Primer RT-PCR identification. Results A total of 443 samples were collected from children and 259 were positive for enterovirus. A total of 256 samples were positive for virus isolation, of which 158 were positive for faeces and 112 were positive for virus. The positive rate was 70.89% , 10 were positive for virus isolation, the positive rate was 47.62%; throat swab was 65, the virus was positive for 26, the positive rate was 40.00%; herpes fluid 10, the virus was positive for 2, the positive rate was 20.00%. Conclusion The isolation rates of feces, anal swabs, throat swabs and herpes fluid are significantly different, and the stool separation rate is the highest. EV71 and CA16 are the major pathogens causing hand-foot-mouth disease in children. All the deaths are caused by EV71 virus.