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目的了解新疆某油田噪声作业人员听力损伤状况,研究噪声性听力损伤早期干预效果。方法以某油田2009年1月—2011年12月年在岗噪声作业人员的职业健康监护资料为依据对听力损伤状况进行回顾性调查,以此为依据制定早期干预措施;采取早期干预措施后以整群抽样的方法对2012、2013年在岗噪声作业人员的听力损伤状况进行调查,对早期干预前后所得资料进行纵向调查分析。结果对2009—2011年2 582人次噪声作业人员调查后显示听力损伤检出率逐年增加,经趋势χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2011、2012、2013三年检出听力损伤1 059人,早期干预1 010人,早期调离89人,早期治疗120人,治疗有效率为56.7%;早期干预后听力损伤检出率逐年下降,语频听力损伤检出率2013年降为零,经趋势χ2检验,近3年听力损伤检出率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论噪声所致听力损伤可控,噪声所致职业病可防。
Objective To understand the hearing impairment status of noise workers in one oilfield in Xinjiang and to study the effect of early intervention of noise-induced hearing loss. Methods A retrospective survey of hearing impairment status was conducted on the basis of occupational health monitoring data of on-the-job noise workers from January 2009 to December 2011 in an oilfield. Based on this, early intervention measures were formulated. After early intervention measures were taken, The method of group sampling was used to investigate the hearing impairment status of on-the-job noise workers in 2012 and 2013, and the longitudinal analysis of the data before and after the early intervention was conducted. Results The survey of 2 582 noise workers from 2009 to 2011 showed that the detection rate of hearing impairment increased year by year. The trend χ2 test showed significant difference (P <0.01). In 2011, 2012 and 2013, there were 1 059 hearing loss cases detected, 1107 early interventions, 89 early transfer procedures and 120 early treatment courses, with an effective treatment rate of 56.7%. The detection rate of hearing impairment after the early intervention decreased year by year, The detection rate of audiometric hearing loss decreased to zero in 2013. There was significant difference (P <0.01) in the detection rate of hearing loss in the past three years by the trend χ2 test. Conclusion The noise-induced hearing impairment can be controlled, and the noise-induced occupational diseases can be prevented.