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采场顶板的破断形态与采场来压、瓦斯抽放、地下水运移、地表沉陷等有密切关系.建立四边固支顶板的弹性薄板力学模型,利用里茨法理论分析顶板断裂形态的产生机理,得出顶板发生破坏以及破坏延伸、转移的规律.在有限元分析软件ANSYS中,依据材料的最大拉应力准则,利用生死单元技术对顶板的空间断裂形态进行三维数值模拟.结果表明,顶板沿长短边的破坏与理论分析相符,得到顶板沿厚度方向的破坏规律,形成空间“O”型裂纹形态,顶板下底面中心的破坏呈层层剥离现象,确定了裂纹出现分叉的具体位置,形成了空间“X”型裂纹形态,综合得到顶板的空间“X-O”型断裂形态.
The broken form of the stope roof is closely related to stope pressure, gas drainage, groundwater movement, surface subsidence, etc. The mechanical model of elastic thin plate with four sides support is established, and the mechanism of roof fracture is analyzed by using the method of Ritz law , And the law of failure, extension and transfer of the roof was obtained.In the finite element analysis software ANSYS, according to the maximum tensile stress criterion of the material, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the space fracture shape of the roof was carried out using the technology of the living and dead unit.The results showed that the roof edge The destruction of the long and short sides coincided with the theoretical analysis, and the failure law of the roof along the thickness was obtained, and the space “O” crack shape was formed. The destruction of the center of the roof under the roof was peeled off in layers and the concrete location of the bifurcation , Forming a space “X ” type of crack morphology, integrated roof space “XO ” type fracture morphology.