论文部分内容阅读
长期以来含氯氟利昂R 12(CCl_2F_2)一直是汽车空调的唯一制冷剂。近年来科学家们发现,R12的氯会破坏地球上空15 km～25 km内的臭氧层,从而使更多的太阳光紫外线能辐射到地球危害人体健康。因此,国际社会于1987年9月在加拿大缔结了蒙特利尔协议书,明确规定了禁用R 12的期限为2000年。但近年来由于臭氧层的破坏不断加剧,国际社会把R 12的完全禁用日期提前到了1995年,发展中国家则可推迟10年。我国于1992年发文规定:各汽车厂从1996年起在汽车空调中逐步用新制冷剂R 134a替代R 12,在2000年生产的新车上不准再用R 12。因
Chlorofluorocarbons R 12 (CCl_2F_2) have long been the only refrigerant in automotive air conditioners. In recent years, scientists have found that the chlorine of R12 destroys the ozone layer within 15 km ~ 25 km above the Earth, so that more ultraviolet sunlight can radiate to the earth and endanger human health. Therefore, the international community concluded the Montreal Protocol in Canada in September 1987, clearly stipulating that the period for banning R 12 should be 2000 years. However, with the worsening ozone depletion in recent years, the international community has advanced the date of the complete ban on R12 to 1995 and that of developing countries for 10 years. China issued a document in 1992 stipulating that all automakers will gradually replace R 12 with new refrigerant R 134a in automobile air conditioners since 1996 and R 12 will not be allowed on new cars manufactured in 2000. because