论文部分内容阅读
目的：研究新生儿颅内出血的ＣＴ特征性表现。材料与方法：对４８例新生儿颅内出血的ＣＴ表现进行了回顾性分析，并对１７例进行了追踪观察。结果：蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）２９例，脑实质出血（ＩＣＨ）２例，脑室管膜下出血（ＳＥＨ）１例，脑室出血（ＩＶＨ）４例，混合型脑出血１２例。结论：（１）ＳＡＨ为新生儿颅内出血最常见的类型，约占６０％，仅表现为直窦高密度者，确定超过５ｍｍ为诊断标准，并根据其形态特征分为前窄后宽、前宽后窄和全长增宽３种类型；（２）ＳＥＨ见于早产儿，ＣＴ诊断较困难；（３）ＩＶＨ易发展为梗阻性脑积水，甚至积水性无脑；（４）硬膜下出血在后颅窝处多见，ＣＴ容易漏诊；（５）ＩＣＨ的出血量一般较少，进一步发展可形成空洞脑。
Objective: To study CT features of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Materials and Methods: The CT findings of 48 cases of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed, and 17 cases were followed up. Results: There were 29 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 2 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 1 case of subependymal hemorrhage (SEH), 4 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and 12 cases of mixed intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusions: (1) SAH is the most common type of intracranial hemorrhage in neonates, accounting for about 60%, only showed high density of straight sinus, more than 5mm to determine the diagnostic criteria, and according to its morphological characteristics are divided into anterior narrow width, Wide and narrow after the narrow and full-length widened three types; (2) SEH seen in premature children, CT diagnosis is more difficult; (3) IVH easy to develop obstructive hydrocephalus, and even hydrocephalus without brain; (4) Bleeding in the posterior fossa more common, CT easily missed diagnosis; (5) ICH bleeding is generally less, further development can form a hollow brain.