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目的探讨羊水细胞培养染色体分析的临床意义。方法应用羊膜腔穿刺及羊水细胞培养染色体分析技术对506例孕中期孕妇进行胎儿染色体核型分析并随访妊娠结局。结果羊膜腔穿刺孕周18～23周,孕妇年龄21～39岁,穿刺成功率100%,诊断异常13例,符合率100%,无一例出现感染、穿刺点渗血、羊水渗漏和胎盘后血肿(506例中前壁胎盘约占16.01%)或胎盘剥离等母胎并发症。2例2周后发生自然流产,流产率为0.40%,其中1例孕早期有先兆流产者行保胎治疗,流产原因与羊膜腔穿刺无关。羊水细胞培养失败4例。胎儿染色体异常检出率为2.57%(13/506),随访成功率为90.91%(460/506)。结论 B超引导下羊膜腔穿刺是产前诊断的重要内容。合理选择适应证,规范操作,可降低母儿并发症发生率,具有重要的产前诊断意义。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of amniotic fluid cell culture chromosome analysis. Methods A total of 506 pregnant women of the second trimester were analyzed for fetal karyotype by amniocentesis and amniotic fluid cell culture chromosome analysis. The pregnancy outcome was followed up. Results The amniocentesis gestational age ranged from 18 to 23 weeks and the pregnant women were 21 to 39 years old. The puncture success rate was 100%, the diagnosis was abnormal in 13 cases. The coincidence rate was 100%. No infection, puncture point, amniotic fluid leakage and placenta Hematomas (506 cases of anterior wall placenta in about 16.01%) or placental abruption and other maternal fetal complications. 2 cases 2 weeks after spontaneous abortion, abortion rate was 0.40%, of which 1 case of threatened abortion in early pregnancy miscarriage treatment, abortion reason has nothing to do with amniocentesis. Amniotic fluid cell culture failure in 4 cases. The detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities was 2.57% (13/506). The success rate of follow-up was 90.91% (460/506). Conclusion B-guided amniocentesis is an important part of prenatal diagnosis. Proper selection of indications, standardized operation, can reduce the incidence of maternal complications, has an important prenatal diagnosis.