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恶性梗阻性黄疸术前是否进行减黄治疗一直是一个有争议的话题，不同时代的学者对此持有不同的意见，同时相关的前瞻性研究或回顾性分析也得出了不同的结论，至今尚未达成共识。恶性梗阻性黄疸术前减黄的观念随着时代的变迁也在不断变化。不同的减黄技术各具特点，适用于不同的恶性梗阻性黄疸。目前减黄多应用内引流，减黄指征考虑更全面，减黄后并发症更少。未来关于减黄的争论仍将主要集中在是否要术前减黄、减黄指征、减黄后手术时机。“,”Whether to perform a preoperative biliary drainage for malignant obstructive jaundice patients has always been a controversial topic.Domestic and foreign scholars in different times have different opin-ions.At the same time,existing relevant prospective studies or retrospective analyses came out with various conclusions,with no consensus so far.The concept of biliary drainage performed before surgery for malignant obstructive jaundice patients is also changing.Different measures have different features,which are suitable for different malignant obstructive jaundice.Currently,internal biliary drainage is mostly applied,with more comprehensive consideration about the indicators and less complications.In future,the controversy on biliary drainage will still mainly concentrate on whether to perform a preoperative biliary drainage,the indicators,and the operative opportunity after biliary drainage.