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[目的]探讨天津地区近年麻疹流行病学和临床特征。[方法]对2006年12月～2008年5月天津市传染病医院1876例麻疹住院病例的临床及流行病学资料进行回顾性分析。[结果]1876例麻疹病例中﹤8月龄的婴儿1302例(69.4%),﹥30岁成人患者374例(19.9%);有264例为外地发病,在天津发病的1612例患者中:外来人口1076例(66.7%),3～5月份发病例数1313例(70%),其中71例(3.8%)可以确定接种过麻疹疫苗。临床诊断麻疹合并肺炎1200例(64%),肝功能异常1107例(59%),心肌酶升高1744例(93%),麻疹特异性IgM抗体阳性1331例(71%)。[结论]天津地区近年麻疹病例明显增多,呈暴发流行趋势,流行季节为3～5月份,患者绝大部分未接种过麻疹疫苗,高发年龄为﹤8月龄婴儿,预防接种应予调整。肺炎、肝功能损害和心肌损害仍是麻疹的常见并发症,麻疹特异性抗体阳性率不高。
[Objective] To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of measles in Tianjin in recent years. [Methods] The clinical and epidemiological data of 1876 measles inpatients in Tianjin Infectious Disease Hospital from December 2006 to May 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. [Results] Of the 1876 measles cases, 1302 cases (69.4%) were infants <8 months old and 374 (19.9%) were adults> 30 years old. 264 cases were found outside the country. Among the 1612 infants The population was 1076 (66.7%), with 1313 cases (70%) in March-May, of which 71 (3.8%) were confirmed to have been vaccinated against measles. 1200 cases (64%) had clinical diagnosis of measles complicated with pneumonia, 1107 cases (59%) had abnormal hepatic function, 1744 cases (93%) had elevated myocardial enzymes and 1331 (71%) measles-specific IgM antibodies. [Conclusion] The incidence of measles in Tianjin area was obviously increased in recent years. The epidemic season was from March to May. The vast majority of patients were not vaccinated against measles and the high incidence of infants <8 months old. Vaccination should be adjusted. Pneumonia, liver function damage and myocardial damage are still common complications of measles, measles-specific antibody positive rate is not high.