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[目的]了解分析泰安市医院感染现患情况,为有效预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。[方法]对2008年10月8日在泰安市全部市级和部分县区医院住院的病人进行医院感染现患情况调查。[结果]调查住院病人3 677例,发现现患医院感染者180例、208例次,人数感染率与例次感染率分别为4.90%、5.66%。医院感染率,综合ICU科最高;男性为4.96%,女性为6.28%(P>0.05);老年组为9.23%,高于其他年龄组(P<0.01);使用泌尿道插管的为10.94%,使用动静脉插管的为12.14%,使用呼吸机的为14.29%;气管切开的为25.21%,进行手术治疗的为12.11%,有输血的为10.90%,均高于未进行相应治疗者(P<0.01;基础疾病3种及以上者为20.22%,高于1~2种的(P<0.01)。检测各科室物体表面标本1 289份,检出病原体197株。其中,铜绿假单胞菌占12.69%,白色念珠菌占11.17%,大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌各占9.14%,不动杆菌属占7.61%。[结论]泰安市住院病人医院感染现患率处于一般水平,引起医院感染的主要危险因素是年龄大、使用泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、呼吸机、气管切开、手术,输血治疗。
[Objective] To understand and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections in Tai’an city and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of nosocomial infections. [Method] A survey on prevalence of nosocomial infection in patients hospitalized in all municipal and part county hospitals in Tai’an City on October 8, 2008 was conducted. [Results] A total of 3 677 hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 180 cases and 208 cases of hospital-acquired infections were found. The infection rate and the number of cases were 4.90% and 5.66% respectively. The prevalence of nosocomial infection was the highest in ICU subjects, 4.96% for males and 6.28% for females (P> 0.05). The elderly group was 9.23% higher than the other age groups (P <0.01). The urinary tract catheterization rate was 10.94% , 12.14% with arteriovenous catheterization, 14.29% with ventilator, 25.21% with tracheotomy, 12.11% with surgery and 10.90% with blood transfusion, all higher than those without corresponding treatment (P <0.01). The number of basic diseases was 20.22% and higher than 1 ~ 2 (P <0.01), and 1 289 specimens were detected from various departments and 197 pathogens were detected, of which, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus each accounted for 9.14%, Acinetobacter accounted for 7.61%. [Conclusion] The prevalence rate of hospital infection in Tai’an city residents is at a general level, The main risk factors for nosocomial infections are older age, urinary catheterization, arteriovenous intubation, ventilator, tracheotomy, surgery and blood transfusion.