陕西的自然保护区多以秦岭为核心,向四周辐射。受山区的自然地理环境条件的因素制约,以及历史原因所限,其周边社区多为贫困地区。如何既能发展当地经济又不破坏自然资源和生态环境,是一个亟需思考的课题。以陕西牛背梁国家级自然保护区为例,保护区总面积16519.7公顷,周边涉及三 Shaanxi’s nature reserve mostly uses Qinling as the core and radiates to the surroundings. Restricted by the factors of natural geographical environment in mountainous areas and historical reasons, the surrounding communities are mostly poor areas. How to develop both the local economy and the natural resources and ecological environment is an issue that needs urgent consideration. Taking Niubeiliang National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province as an example, the total area of ​​protected areas is 16,519.7 hectares and the surrounding areas involve three