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以浙江省4类制药工艺8家大型制药企业排放的挥发性有机物(VOCs)为基础,通过国际公认的臭氧产生潜力和健康风险评价指标对制药行业排放VOCs所产生的环境与健康危害进行了初步的评估.结果表明,制药行业排放VOCs的臭氧产生最大潜力介于16.1～79.2 mL.m-3之间,主要贡献物为乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲苯、二甲苯等9种物质,其中4种为VOCs排放特征中的主要污染物.另外,VOCs产生的健康危害主要是苯、环氧乙烷、甲醛及二氯甲烷这4种致癌物造成,占非致癌风险评估值的69%以上,占致癌风险值的100%.此外,通过对排放特征、臭氧产生潜力及健康风险评价比较发现,在制定VOCs排放标准时,特别是控制因子的筛选中不能忽视VOCs所产生的环境与健康危害.
Based on the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) released by 8 large pharmaceutical companies in 4 pharmaceutical processes in Zhejiang Province, the environmental and health hazards caused by VOCs released by the pharmaceutical industry were preliminary studied through internationally recognized ozone generating potential and health risk assessment indicators The results showed that the maximum potential of ozone generation in the emissions of VOCs in the pharmaceutical industry ranged from 16.1 to 79.2 mL.m-3. The main contributions were 9 species of ethyl acetate, acetone, toluene and xylene, of which 4 species Are the major pollutants in the emission characteristics of VOCs.In addition, the health hazards caused by VOCs are mainly caused by four kinds of carcinogens such as benzene, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde and methylene chloride, accounting for 69% or more of the non-carcinogenic risk assessment, accounting for In addition, through the comparison of emission characteristics, ozone generation potential and health risk assessment, we found that environmental and health hazards caused by VOCs can not be neglected in the development of VOCs emission standards, especially in the selection of control factors.