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缺铁是婴儿最常见的营养问题之一。铁对于婴儿神经系统发育有着广泛、深远的影响,铁缺乏婴儿在精神、行为、认知、心理方面发育都相对滞后。母乳中平均含铁量为0.35mg/L,较配方奶中低。母乳中的铁含量与母亲铁营养状况无相关关系。纯母乳喂养超过4个月是婴儿缺铁的危险因素,纯母乳喂养儿缺铁性贫血和铁缺乏的发病率较配方奶喂养儿高。缺铁婴儿应及时采取补充铁剂、添加辅食等各种方法达到满意的铁储量以满足婴儿迅速的生长发育。
Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems in babies. Iron has a broad and far-reaching impact on the development of the baby’s nervous system. Iron-deficient infants are relatively backward in their mental, behavioral, cognitive, and psychological development. The average iron content in breast milk is 0.35mg / L, which is lower than that in formula milk. The iron content in breast milk had no correlation with maternal iron nutrition status. Exclusive breastfeeding for more than 4 months is a risk factor for iron deficiency in infants, and the rate of iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency in exclusively breastfeeding children is higher than in formula-fed infants. Iron deficiency infants should promptly take iron supplementation, add food supplement and other methods to achieve a satisfactory iron reserves to meet the baby’s rapid growth and development.