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广播电视自由的核心是广播电视机构的节目自由。为实现这一自由,需要相关的制度保障。广播电视机构的宪法地位具有两面性,分别针对国家与普通公民。基于多元化表达的宪法目标、实现广播电视机构承担的公共任务及保障公民言论自由等目的,广播电视自由受到一定的限制。我国《广播电视管理条例》的立法目的,并非基于广播电视机构节目制播权利的保障,而是以便于广播电视的行政管理为主要目标,对广播电视节目制作和播出进行规制与监管。其他国家“广播电视自由”保障与限制的宪法经验中的法律性可以为我们所借鉴,用以改善现有的关于广播电视机构的法律设计。
The core of freedom of radio and television is the freedom of the radio and television agencies. To achieve this freedom, the relevant system of protection is required. The constitutional status of radio and television agencies has two sides, one for the country and the other for ordinary citizens. The freedom of radio and television is subject to certain restrictions on the basis of the constitutional objectives of pluralistic expression, the realization of the public tasks undertaken by radio and television agencies and the guarantee of citizens’ freedom of speech. The purpose of the legislation of Radio and Television Regulations in our country is not based on the guarantee of broadcasting rights of radio and television programs. Instead, it aims at regulating and supervising the production and broadcasting of radio and television programs with the main aim of facilitating the administration of radio and television programs. The legal nature of the constitutional experience of security and restrictions in other countries, “Freedom of Broadcasting” can be used by us to improve the existing legal design of broadcasting agencies.