论文部分内容阅读
目的观察新型植物杀螺剂螺威灭螺的效果,获得4%螺威粉剂大规模现场应用的技术指标,为我国血吸虫病现场防治提供钉螺控制新技术。方法采用浸杀和喷洒的方法,在丘陵地貌的平坝和台地中选取沟渠、田地和果园环境进行螺威和氯硝柳胺灭螺的对照试验,在各现场中分别设立实验组、对照组和空白组,计算钉螺死亡率和钉螺密度下降率,比较组间差异。结果浸杀中,灭螺7 d后,实验组和对照组钉螺死亡率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.00,P>0.05)。钉螺触药24 h、48 h、72 h和7 d后的死亡率,实验组比对照组依次小32.66%、14.00%、7.67%和0.33%。喷洒中,15 d后的钉螺死亡率无统计学意义(χ~2=0.09,P>0.05)。实验组果园、沟渠、田地、合计校正死亡率分别为78.38%、97.67%、97.94%和84.56%,对照组果园、沟渠、田地、合计校正死亡率分别为79.95%、92.89%、95.65%和85.54%。实验组与对照组钉螺密度显著下降,空白组反而上升。实验组与对照组钉螺平均密度下降率间无统计学意义(χ~2=2.22,P>0.05),活螺平均密度下降率间无统计学意义(χ~2=0.77,P>0.05)。结论螺威灭螺比氯硝柳胺作用较缓、效果略低,但效果仍然较好,无副作用,可推广应用。
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of the new plant snail molluscicides against snail molluscicus and get 4% levofloxacin large scale field application of technical indicators to provide snail snail control new technology for on-site prevention and control of schistosomiasis in China. Methods Baptist and spraying methods were used to control the toxicity of snail and niclosamide in the trenches, fields and orchards of flat hills and terraces in hilly landforms. Experimental and control groups were set up in each site And blank group, the mortality of snails and the decreasing rate of snail density were calculated, and the differences among groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the mortality of testis and control (χ ~ 2 = 1.00, P> 0.05). The mortality rate of snails and herbs was 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 d respectively. The experimental group was 32.66%, 14.00%, 7.67% and 0.33% less than the control group respectively. There was no significant difference in the mortality of Oncomelania snails 15 days after spraying (χ ~ 2 = 0.09, P> 0.05). In the experimental group, the total corrected mortality in orchards, ditches and fields were 78.38%, 97.67%, 97.94% and 84.56%, respectively. In the control group, the adjusted corrected mortality rates were 79.95%, 92.89%, 95.65% and 85.54% respectively %. The density of snails in the experimental group and the control group decreased significantly, while the blank group increased. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the decreasing rate of average density of snails in the experimental group and the control group, and there was no significant difference between the decreasing rates of mean density of live snails (χ ~ 2 = 0.77, P> 0.05). Conclusions The snail treatment is better than niclosamide. The effect is slightly lower, but the effect is still good with no side effects and can be widely applied.