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目的:探讨有氧训练和无氧训练对大鼠心室肌胶原纤维形态结构和Cx43、Cx45分布和表达的影响。方法:采用跑台训练方式,建立大鼠有氧运动和疲劳运动模型,采用Masson染色法和免疫组织化学SABC法观察心室肌胶原纤维形态结构和Cx43、Cx45表达的变化。结果:有氧训练组心室肌胶原纤维分布均匀,结构完整,Cx43、Cx45构型端-端连接多于侧-侧连接且表达均显著高于安静对照组和疲劳训练组(P<0.05)。疲劳训练组胶原纤维出现过度增生,扭曲和局部溶解现象,Cx43、Cx45构型改变,侧-侧连接多于端-端连接,且Cx43、Cx45表达显著低于安静对照组和有氧训练组(P<0.05)。结论:不同强度运动训练影响大鼠心室肌胶原纤维组织结构,Cx43、Cx45的分布和表达,大强度疲劳训练可造成心室肌胶原纤维病理改变,Cx43、Cx45构型和量的变化,推测与运动实践中室性心律失常及运动猝死的发展、发生存在密切联系。
Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic training and anaerobic training on the morphological changes of collagen fibers and the distribution and expression of Cx43 and Cx45 in ventricular myocytes of rats. Methods: The treadmill training method was used to establish the model of aerobic exercise and fatigue in rats. Masson staining and immunohistochemical SABC method were used to observe the morphological changes of collagen fibers and the expression of Cx43 and Cx45 in ventricular myocytes. Results: The ventricular myocytes in the aerobic training group were well distributed and structurally intact. The Cx43 and Cx45 configurations had more end-to-end connections than the side-to-side connections and were significantly higher than those in the quiet control group and the fatigue training group (P <0.05). Fatigue training group collagen hyperplasia, distortion and local dissolution phenomenon, Cx43, Cx45 configuration changes, side-side connections more than the end-to-end connection, and Cx43, Cx45 expression was significantly lower than the quiet control group and aerobic training group P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of different intensity exercise training on the distribution and expression of Cx43 and Cx45 in ventricular myocytes of rats. High-intensity fatigue training can induce the change of the pathological changes of collagen fibers in the ventricular myocytes, the configuration and amount of Cx43, Cx45. In practice, the development of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden movement of death, there is a close relationship exists.