人乳在促进新生儿的健康与营养上有其生理上的适应性。与经加工的牛乳相比人乳含有活性酶、各种激素和必需营养素,是一种适合于婴儿的有活力的分泌物。虽然人乳的酶含量比牛乳高得多,但关于这些酶的作用和意义的资料却极少。Shahani等综述牛乳中的酶,认为该类酶可能是分泌型上皮细胞的正常成份,并在此参与细胞代谢与牛乳成份的生物合成。在挤奶过程中细胞挤裂,酶流出到乳中,有些酶可直接分泌到乳中,这有益于消化系统尚未发育完全的新生儿。本文将综述人乳中的某些酶的生理意义,并提出这些酶起到近似于牛奶中酶作用的证据。从大体上看,人乳中酶的水平均高于牛乳。授乳阶段对人乳中酶浓度影响明显。一般情况,大多数酶在分娩后的早期浓度明显增高,尔后逐渐下降。另外授乳期妇女营养摄入的形式和方式及取样时间均可影响人乳中酶的水平。 Human milk has physiological adaptations for promoting the health and nutrition of newborns. Compared with processed milk human milk contains active enzymes, various hormones and essential nutrients, is a suitable for the baby’s active secretions. Although human milk has a much higher enzyme content than milk, there is very little information on the role and significance of these enzymes. Shahani et al. Reviewed the enzymes in milk and considered them to be normal components of secretory epithelial cells and are here involved in cell metabolism and the biosynthesis of milk components. In the process of milking the cells are broken, the enzyme flows out into the milk, and some enzymes can be directly secreted into the milk, which is good for the newborn whose digestive system has not yet developed completely. This article reviews the physiological significance of certain enzymes in human milk and suggests that these enzymes serve as evidence of enzyme activity in milk. In general, the level of enzyme in human milk is higher than that of milk. Lactation stage of human milk enzyme concentration significantly. Under normal circumstances, most of the enzyme in the early postpartum concentration was significantly increased, and then gradually decreased. In addition lactating women in the form of nutrition intake and sampling time can affect the level of enzymes in human milk.