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本文运用FGT指数法和AF多维贫困测度法对西安市主城区收入贫困和典型贫困区多维贫困特征进行研究。主要结论:(1)主城区收入贫困空间与城市发展相对较晚的地区、城乡交错的边缘区、内城衰退区、城中村及老工业区耦合;(2)住房维度的贫困发生率最高,其次依次为暖气、电器资产、教育、职业、给排水、卫生设施维度;教育指数对多维贫困的贡献度最大,是主要的致贫因素;(3)老城衰退区(解放门)和外来人口聚集区城中村(鱼化寨)是多维贫困最严重的地区,退化的国企老工业区(纺织城)相对较轻。经济发展历史格局、城市发展政策导向、转型期社会制度变迁等是贫困形成的主要原因。
In this paper, FGT index method and AF multidimensional poverty measure method are used to study the multi-dimensional poverty characteristics of income poverty and typical poverty areas in the main urban area of Xi’an. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The income poverty space in the main urban area is relatively close to urban development, the fringe area where urban and rural areas intersect, the inner city recession area, the urban villages and the old industrial areas; (2) The housing poverty rate is the highest, Followed by the heating, electrical assets, education, occupation, water supply and drainage, sanitation facilities; education index has the largest contribution to multidimensional poverty, which is the main cause of poverty; (3) the declining area of the old city Agglomeration area Chengzhong Village (Yuhua Village) is the most multi-dimensional poverty-stricken area, and the degraded state-owned old industrial area (Textile City) is relatively light. The main reason for the formation of poverty is the historical pattern of economic development, the orientation of urban development policies and the changes of social systems in the transition period.