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过去20年对苦苣苔科植物的分子系统学研究已经极大地拓展了对这个科的种间关系与属一级之界定的理解。该文提供了一个苦苣苔科植物新分类系统，与传统的经典形态学分类系统比较，这一新系统被认为能更好地反映科下分类单元彼此之间的自然关系。众多传统意义上的属被分割、合并或者重新定义，这些巨大的分类变动正在影响着中国的苦苣苔科植物系统分类。此外，基于最近采集的材料，一些新属得以建立，一方面说明在中国还有相当多的野外工作需要做；而另一方面则再次证明了中国的苦苣苔科植物多样性是如此之丰富。在此，针对目前已经完成的工作和分类结论，对中国苦苣苔科植物的新分类系统进行了总结与概述，并深入地讨论了部分传统分类学上存在困惑的疑难属。“,”Over the last two decades molecular phylogenetic research on Gesneriaceae has greatly advanced our under-standing of species relationships and generic delimitations. It has allowed the proposal of a new classification of the family that is thought to reflect the natural relationships of the taxa better than traditional morphological classifications. Dramatic taxonomic changes were implemented affecting the classification of Gesneriaceae in China. Many traditional genera have been split, merged or newly defined. Additionally, new genera have been established based on recently collected materi-al, illustrating on the one hand gaps in fieldwork in China, and on the other hand the biological richness of the Gesneri-aceae in China. Here, we summarize and present an overview of our work and the taxonomic consequences.