计量资料由于其集中性,故可计算平均数;由于有变异性(亦称离中性),故须计算变异数。目前对样本的分析,往往只注意其集中性,对平均数进行显著性测验以及其他分析;而对于变异性方面则常常忽视,多不进行变异数的显著性测验,亦不作其他分析。这是计量资料分析中的一个偏向。须知“集中”和“变异”同是样本的统一体中互相矛盾着的两个方面;它们互相对立,又互相依存;取消任何一方,样本就不能存在。因此,在分析一个样本或一组样本时,必须 Due to their concentration, the metrological data can be calculated as an average; due to variability (also known as neutral), the number of variances must be calculated. The current analysis of the sample, often only focus on its concentration, the significance of the average test and other analysis; and for the variability of the often overlooked, not more than the number of significant variations in the test, nor for other analysis. This is a bias in the analysis of measurement data. Notice that “concentration” and “variation” are two contradictory aspects of the unity of the sample; they are antagonistic to each other and depend upon each other; and if one is canceled, the sample can not exist. Therefore, when analyzing a sample or a group of samples, you must