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在小麦产量、品质和适应性改良方面,黑麦具有许多可供利用的优良性状基因.虽然黑麦与小麦染色体组之间有部分同源关系,但由于它们的染色体难以配对,使得利用黑麦与小麦杂交直接将黑麦基因导入小麦有一定的困难.有些染色体操作方法可将黑麦基因导入小麦,例如部分同源染色体配对抑制基因(Ph)的利用.试验证明,六倍体小黑麦与普通小麦杂交是将黑麦基因或染色质片段导入小麦的一种很有潜力的方法.通过这条途径已经把黑麦的抗腥黑穗病、条锈及叶锈病,抗旱、长粒和致密腊质层基因或载有这些基因的小染色质片段导入了小麦,有些带有黑麦性状的品系还表现出高产潜力.
Rye has many good trait genes available for improvement in wheat yield, quality and adaptability.Although there is partial homology between rye and wheat genomes, their use of rye Crossbreeding with wheat has some difficulties in direct introduction of rye genes into wheat, and some chromosome manipulations can introduce rye genes into wheat, such as the utilization of partial homologous chromosome pairing suppressor genes (Ph) Crossbreeding with common wheat is a promising method of introducing rye genes or chromatin fragments into wheat, by which rye, tangled and leaf rust, rye, Tight waxy layer genes or small chromatin fragments containing these genes were introduced into wheat, and some lines with rye traits also showed high yield potential.