引 言 人类发现阿片已有千年历史。对其主要成分吗啡的作用机制研究也有二百多年的历史。十八世纪初,Derosne和Serturuer分别从粗阿中分离出一种结晶物质,且有良好的诱睡作用。Serturner称之为吗啡。尔后数以千计的与吗啡性质近似的化合物被合成,其中部分已用于临床。 阿片类药物作用机制的研究自证实存在有吗啡受体后,取得了突破性的进展。Go- Introduction Human discovery of opium has a millennia of history. The mechanism of action of its main component of morphine also has more than two hundred years of history. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, Derosne and Serturuer respectively isolated a crystalline substance from crude algae and had a good effect of inducing sleep. Serturner calls it morphine. Thousands of compounds with similar properties to morphine are synthesized, some of which have been used clinically. Opioid mechanism of action studies have confirmed the existence of morphine receptors, and made a breakthrough. Go-