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研究了30CrMnSiA钢球化退火前的预处理规范对球化退火后的组织形态和机械性能的影响。结果表明:改变预处理规范可获得不同形状铁素体(F)+球状珠光体(P)组织。针状F+球状P组织中,球状碳化物(K)尺寸最均匀;而颗粒状F+球状P组织,特别是大颗粒状组织,球状K尺寸均匀性较差,并且在局部祝场中仍有片状K存在.在硬度和强度基本相同的情况下。针状F+球状P组织的δ、ψ_k和a_k最高;大颗粒状最低,小颗粒状的介于其中。为提高冷锻用钢的加工性能和冷锻件的表面质量,建议冷锻用钢的原始组织为塑性和冲击韧性较高的针状F+球状P组织。
The effects of pretreatment before balling annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of 30CrMnSiA steel were studied. The results show that different shapes of ferrite (F) + spherical pearlite (P) can be obtained by changing the pretreatment specification. Spherical carbides (K) are the most uniform in size in needle-like F + spherical P tissues; while granular F + spherical P-tissues, particularly large granular tissues, are less uniform in spherical K-shape and still have patches in local K-like presence in the case of the same hardness and strength. The δ, ψ_k and a_k of acicular F + spherical P were the highest, while those with the lowest granularity and small granular shape were among them. In order to improve the processing performance of cold forging steel and the surface quality of cold forgings, it is suggested that the original structure of cold forged steel is acicular F + spherical P structure with high ductility and impact toughness.