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我国私营企业主是一个新生的社会群体,围绕其生成和发展的动力与机制,国外学界存在市场转型说、政治经济说和社会文化说等三种有代表性的观点。市场转型说认为,我国私营企业主是政府管制松动后市场化发展的产物,且将随市场增长而日趋成熟和壮大;政治经济说则强调,政治权力并未随市场扩张而削弱,而以其特有的网络和影响力在市场化过程中影响私营经济及作为其人格化载体的私营企业主的成长和发展;社会文化说则揭示了传统价值和共享规范在推动私营企业主成长中的意义和贡献。三种学说在相互论争中共同推进了有关我国私营企业主生成机制的解释。
In our country, the private entrepreneur is a new-born social group. Around the motivation and mechanism of its formation and development, there are three representative views of foreign academia such as market transformation, political economy and social culture. According to market transformation, the private-owned business owners in our country are the products of market-oriented development after the loosened government regulation and will gradually mature and grow with the market growth. The political economy emphasizes that political power has not been weakened by the market expansion. The unique network and influence influence the growth and development of the private economy and the private entrepreneurs as carriers of their personalization in the process of marketization. The social culture theory reveals the significance and contribution of traditional values and sharing norms in promoting the growth of private entrepreneurs . The three doctrines jointly promote the explanation of the formation mechanism of private entrepreneurs in our country.