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在新疆克拉玛依的小拐和白碱滩两地,从20只大沙鼠的耳组织徐片上查出9只有利什曼原虫的感染。经测量69个原虫,平均大小为4.71±0.71×2.35±0.44μm,t试验结果显示,该地大沙鼠体内的利什曼原虫较沙鼠利什曼明显为小,与硕大利什曼原虫的形态比较,也有显著不同。 动物实验感染结果表明,该地大沙鼠体内的利什曼原虫在接种到BALB/c小鼠的足垫皮下后。可使小鼠产生皮肤溃疡和转移性皮肤损害,小鼠最后死于全身性感染。在远交系小鼠(昆明株)的足垫组织内,利什曼原虫可引起足垫局部短期肿胀,旋后消退,在外观正常的足垫皮下组织内,原虫可持续7个月以上。当原虫被注入黑线仓鼠的睾丸内后,产生睾丸局部感染,利什曼原虫主要寄生在鼠睾间质部位的巨噬细胞内,在曲细精管内的一些塞氏细胞中也有原虫寄生,偶而也发生转移性皮损。在长爪沙鼠耳组织内,原虫能持续14个月以上,并且可使鼠耳发生溃疡。 上述各项观察和实验结果表明,克拉玛依大沙鼠体内的利什曼原虫在形态大小、对4种实验动物所致的病变都与沙鼠利什曼原虫不同,对自然宿主大沙鼠的耳组织和远交系小鼠的致病力又与硕大利什曼原虫相异。作者认为,该地大沙鼠耳组织感染的利什曼原虫可能是一个新种(或新亚种),宜通过进一步的实验研究,来确定它分类上的地位。
In Lebanon and Baijiatan, Karamay, Xinjiang, 9 leishmaniasis isolates were detected from the ear tissues of 20 gerbils. After measuring 69 protozoa, the average size was 4.71 ± 0.71 × 2.35 ± 0.44μm. The results of t test showed that Leishmania spp. Was significantly smaller than that of rhesus Leishmania, The morphological comparison, there are also significant differences. The experimental results of animal experiments showed that Leishmania spp. In this gerbil was subcutaneously injected into the foot pad of BALB / c mice. May cause skin ulcers and metastatic skin lesions in mice, mice eventually died of systemic infection. Leishmania can cause partial short-term swelling of the footpad in the footpad tissue of the inbred mice (Kunming strain), postponing and postponing, and the protozoa can last for over 7 months in the subcutaneous tissue of the footpad with normal appearance. When the protozoa were injected into the testes of black hamsters, a localized infection of the testes occurred. Leishmania was mainly parasitized in the macrophages in the interstitial space of the mouse testis. Parasites were parasitic in some of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules, Metastatic lesions occur occasionally. In Meriones unguiculatus, protozoa last more than 14 months and can cause ulcers in the mouse ears. The above observations and experimental results show that the large Leishmania mosquitoes in the body size of Leishmania, the four experimental animals caused by lesions are different from Leishmania rhamnoides, the natural host rat gerbils Pathogenicity of tissues and outbred mice is different from that of Leishmania major. The authors believe that the Leishmania spp. Infection of the gerbil’s ear tissue may be a new species (or a new subspecies), and further experimental studies should be conducted to determine its taxonomic status.