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中国是世界上22个结核病高负担国家之一,患者人数排在全球第三位,仅次于印度和印度尼西亚。结核分枝杆菌检测对结核病的诊断、防治具有重要意义。传统的检测技术如结核分枝杆菌培养、涂片镜检等,虽然具有很高诊断价值,但也存在检测时间长,检出率低等缺点,因此新型快速检测技术开始逐步得到研发和大量应用。本文从细菌学、免疫诊断、分子生物学检测共3方面对结核分枝杆菌快速检测技术的应用现状作一综述。
China is one of the 22 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis in the world, ranking third in the world in number of patients, second only to India and Indonesia. Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection of tuberculosis diagnosis, prevention and treatment of great significance. Traditional detection techniques, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and smear microscopy, have high diagnostic value, but they also have the disadvantages of long detection time and low detection rate, so the new rapid detection technology has been gradually developed and used in large quantities . This review summarizes the application status of rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bacteriology, immunodiagnosis and molecular biology.