目的　为临床颞下颌关节病变的影像学诊断及关节内镜手术提供正常解剖学依据。方法　利用生物塑化技术 ,将 9例颞下颌关节及相邻结构制成三个方位 (横断、冠状位及矢状位 )的塑化薄层断面标本 ,与MRI图像进行对照研究。结果　颞下颌关节生物塑化薄片及MRI图像可清楚显示颞下颌关节解剖结构 ,两者之间有良好的对应关系。外耳道的前倾角为 (1 0 8± 3 6°) ,关节结节后斜面与眦耳线夹角为 (58 8± 4 2 )°。结论　生物塑化薄片与MRI图像进行对照研究可为颞下颌关节的影像诊断、关节内窥镜手术提供有价值的形态学资料 ,有助于避免在TMJ关节镜手术中损伤中耳或颅中窝结构等并发症的发生 Objective To provide anatomical basis for the imaging diagnosis and arthroscopy of temporomandibular joint in clinical practice. Methods Nine cases of temporomandibular joint and its adjacent structures were made into plasticized thin section specimens with three orientations (transected, coronal and sagittal) by using bioplastic techniques. The results were compared with MRI images. Results Temporomandibular joint bioplasm and MRI images clearly show the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint. There is a good correspondence between them. The anterior inclination of the external auditory meatus was (108 ± 36). The angle between the posterior facet joint and the ear was 588 ± 42 °. CONCLUSION: Bioplasma and MRI images can provide valuable morphological data for the imaging diagnosis of temporomandibular joint and endoscopic arthroscopy. It is helpful to avoid the damage of the middle ear or middle cranial fossa in TMJ arthroscopy Structure and other complications occurred