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本文是近年来在沈阳农学院沈单三玉米密度试验田上,通过平行观测、统计和对比分析的方法,研究了不同群体结构玉米田6—7月生育盛期的光特征及其变化规律。概括言之,不同群体冠层光强随高度的增加按指数规律增大,冠层反射率随叶面积指数的增加按对数规律增大,漏光率和冠层基部相对辐射随叶面积指数的增加都按幂函数的规律递减,冠层基部相对辐射随地面漏光率的增加是按直线规律进行增大,并提出了不同群体间相应的经验方程。其次,在数值上不同群体间光条件差异较大,对产量有明显的影响:密度太稀的1.8×1.7尺群体,漏光严重,浪费了光能和地力,产量很低;密度太密的1.8×0.7尺群体,冠层郁闭,光照不足,经济产量也较低;密度适宜的1.8×1.1尺群体,光照条件比密的好,而地面漏光率又比稀的低,能充分利用光能和地力,产量最高。
In this paper, we studied the light characteristics and its variation law of the maize growing season from June to July in different groups of corn fields by means of parallel observation, statistics and comparative analysis. In summary, the canopy light intensity of different groups increased exponentially with the increase of height, and the canopy reflectance increased logarithmically with the increase of leaf area index. The light leakage rate and the relative radiation at the base of the canopy increased with leaf area index The decrement of the increase with the law of power function shows that the relative radiation at the base of the canopy increases with the increase of the light leakage on the ground and the corresponding empirical equations among different groups are proposed. Secondly, there is a large difference in light conditions between different groups of numbers, which has a significant impact on the yield. The 1.8 × 1.7-foot population with too thin density has serious light leakage, wasting light energy and soil fertility and low yield. × 0.7-foot group, the canopy canopy is closed, the light is insufficient, and the economic yield is also low. The 1.8 × 1.1-foot population with suitable density has better light conditions than the dense one, while the ground leakage rate is lower than the lean one. And fertility, the highest yield.