目的研究人博卡病毒检测方法与小儿感染的临床特征,以提高对小儿人博卡病毒感染的诊治技术。方法采用荧光定量PCR和蛋白免疫印迹技术检测患者鼻咽部抽取物、咽拭子和血清标本中的人博卡病毒DNA及特异性抗体,并全面分析感染患儿的各种临床症状、体征及常规实验室检测,同时做远期随访。结果240例急性下呼吸道感染患者的标本中检出人博卡病毒DNA阳性7例,阳性率为2.92%,其临床表现以高热、阵咳为主,实验室检查外周血白细胞、C-反应蛋白、血沉和血生化指标大多正常。X线胸片表现无特异性,远期随访心肺功能良好。结论人博卡病毒是引起小儿急性呼吸道感染的重要病原之一,荧光定量PCR和蛋白免疫印迹是灵敏、特异的检测技术。 Objective To study the clinical features of human Boca virus detection method and pediatric infection in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of Boca virus in children. Methods Fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect human Boka DNA and specific antibodies in nasopharyngeal aspirates, throat swabs and serum samples. The clinical symptoms, signs, Routine laboratory testing, while doing long-term follow-up. Results Of the 240 patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection, 7 were confirmed positive for Bocavirus DNA, the positive rate was 2.92%. The clinical manifestations were high fever and array cough. The levels of peripheral white blood cells, C-reactive protein , ESR and blood biochemical indicators are mostly normal. X-ray non-specific performance, long-term follow-up cardiopulmonary function is good. Conclusion Human Bocavirus is one of the important pathogens causing acute respiratory infection in children. Fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting are sensitive and specific detection techniques.