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目的调查分析潍坊城乡学龄儿童乳牙及第一恒磨牙患龋状况及口腔卫生行为习惯,为学龄期儿童口腔卫生保健提供依据和指导。方法 2016年3-6月根据分层整群抽样抽取潍坊地区十所小学(城乡各半),对校内全部二年级学生的乳牙及第一恒磨牙进行龋病检查,同时针对口腔卫生行为习惯进行问卷调查,分析其患龋状况及与口腔行为习惯的关系。结果十所小学共有1 255名(男680名、女575名)二年级学生接受龋病检查和问卷调查,乳牙的患龋率为82.95%,充填率为19.60%,两者在城乡间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);乳牙龋均5.15。在性别、城乡间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第一恒磨牙患龋率36.02%,龋均0.78,两者在城乡、性别间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。窝沟封闭率为10.04%,城乡间的封闭差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。问卷调查结果发现,每天刷牙、睡前刷牙、进甜食后刷牙及低糖饮料的学生患龋率较低(P<0.05)。结论 2016年潍坊城乡二年级学生龋病状况严重,充填率偏低;学生的口腔卫生行为习惯较差,与患龋状况存在密切关系,应加强本地区口腔防治工作。
Objective To investigate and analyze the caries status of primary deciduous teeth and first permanent molars of school-age children in urban and rural areas of Weifang, and to provide oral evidences for oral health care in school-age children. Methods From March to June 2016, 10 elementary schools in Weifang (half of urban and rural areas) were sampled according to stratified cluster sampling to examine the caries of deciduous teeth and first permanent molars of all sophomores in the school. At the same time, oral hygiene behaviors were studied Questionnaire survey, analysis of its caries status and oral habits. Results A total of 1 255 primary and secondary school students (680 male and 575 female) received dental caries examination and questionnaire survey. The prevalence of dental caries was 82.95% and the filling rate was 19.60%. There was a significant difference between urban and rural areas Statistical significance (P <0.05), but no significant difference between the sexes (P> 0.05); deciduous caries were 5.15. There were significant differences in gender, urban and rural areas (P <0.05). The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molars was 36.02% and that in dental caries was 0.78. There was a significant difference between the two groups in urban and rural areas (P <0.05). Pit and fissure closure rate was 10.04%, the difference between the closure of urban and rural areas was statistically significant (P <0.05). The questionnaire survey found that students who brush their teeth every day, brush their teeth before going to bed, brush their teeth after eating sweets, and those with low-sugar drinks have lower caries prevalence (P <0.05). Conclusion In 2016, the second grade of urban and rural students in Weifang City had a serious dental caries status and a low filling rate. Students had poor oral health habits and were closely related to caries status. Oral control should be strengthened in this area.