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为实施科学施肥与土壤培肥,采用田间调查采样、室内测定和统计分析的方法,研究了延津县和原阳县黄河泛滥区沉积物发育的砂质土壤的养分特征。结果表明:延津和原阳两县土壤有机质和N素营养水平普遍偏低,其有机质平均含量分别为7.88g/kg与10.57g/kg,土壤全N平均含量分别为0.90g/kg和1.08g/kg。土壤速效P与速效K有一定程度的缺乏和过量现象。66%～77%的土壤缺乏有效S。土壤有效Fe、Cu含量较高。有效Mn、Mo含量较低,有大面积的低Mo和极缺Mo土壤,绝大多数土壤缺B。根据上述结果,建议延津、原阳两县砂质土壤坚持测土配方施肥和重视秸秆还田,花生专用肥N∶P2O5∶K2O配比宜采用12∶15∶13的比例,同时适量增加中、微量元素S、B、Mn的投入,在花生、大豆生产上重视钼肥的施用。
In order to carry out scientific fertilization and soil fertilization, the nutrient characteristics of sandy soil developed in the sediments of the Yellow River flood plain in Yanjin and Yuanyang were studied by field survey, sampling, indoor measurement and statistical analysis. The results showed that the soil organic matter and N nutrition in Yanjin and Yuanyang counties were generally low, with the average contents of organic matter of 7.88g / kg and 10.57g / kg respectively, and the average contents of soil total N were 0.90g / kg and 1.08 g / kg. Soil available P and available K have a certain degree of lack and excess. 66% ~ 77% of the soil lack of effective S. Soil available Fe, Cu content is higher. Effective Mn, Mo content is lower, with a large area of low Mo and extremely lacking Mo soil, the vast majority of the lack of B. Based on the above results, it is suggested that sandy soil in Yanjin and Yuanyang counties adhere to soil testing and fertilization and attach importance to returning straw to soil. The ratio of N: P2O5: K2O for special peanut should adopt the ratio of 12:15:13, , The input of trace elements S, B, Mn, the application of molybdenum fertilizer in peanut and soybean production.