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目的观测奇静脉的解剖学结构,丰富奇静脉临床应用形态学数据。方法解剖30具经福尔马林固定的尸体标本,观测奇静脉的起始、走行、外形、属支、管径、与胸导管位置关系。结果奇静脉的位置与走行可分为三种类型。奇静脉主干长度与管径值:长度(18.45±2.95)cm,起端管径(0.46±0.12)cm,中段管径为(0.90±0.20)cm,末端管径为(1.24±0.30)cm。中段凸向前正中线左侧16例,占53.33%,凸出度均值0.53 cm。半奇静脉与副半奇静脉、奇静脉与胸导管的位置关系等较为复杂。结论奇静脉起始部位、长度、管径、位置走行差异较大,整体走行与属支存在多种类型,与胸导管的位置关系多变,临床上应予以充分注意。
Objective To observe the anatomic structure of azygos vein and enrich clinical data of azygos vein. Methods 30 formalin-fixed cadaver specimens were dissected to observe the relationship of the origin, the line of travel, the shape, the branches, the diameter of the azygos vein and the position of the thoracic duct. Results The location of the azygos vein and walking can be divided into three types. The main trunk length and diameter of azygos vein were 18.45 ± 2.95 cm in length and 0.46 ± 0.12 cm in diameter at the beginning, 0.90 ± 0.20 cm in the middle and 1.24 ± 0.30 cm at the distal end. The middle section was convex to the left of the anterior median line in 16 cases, accounting for 53.33%. The mean value of the convexity was 0.53 cm. The relationship between the semi-azygous vein and the accessory hemi-venous azygos, the azygous vein and the thoracic duct is rather complicated. Conclusions The starting position, length, diameter and location of azygos vein vary greatly. The whole operation and the branches are various types, and their relationship with the location of the thoracic duct is variable. Therefore, adequate attention should be paid clinically.