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在人类以农业为主要经济活动的悠长岁月里,我们的祖先在闭塞落后的乡村过着传统的自给自足的生活。当时只有少许城府市镇,其人口微乎其微。随着工业化,特别是大工业的出现,城市发展起来。到了二十世纪,一个规模宏大的人口城市化活动,也就是农村人口转化为城市人口的迁移活动,在全球范围蓬勃发展起来。1800年,城市人口还仅占世界人口的1％;1900年升至13％略多一点;1984年猛增到40％左右。在短短的180年中,城市人口翻了五番多!今天,全世界有近20亿人享受着城市文明。可以预计,到了二十一世纪,城市人口将占世界人口的绝大部分。
In the long history of mankind’s predominantly agricultural activity, our ancestors lived a traditional self-sufficiency in the countryside that was left behind. At that time there was only a handful of cities and towns, with very small population. With the advent of industrialization, especially of large industries, the city developed. By the twentieth century, a massive urbanization of population, that is, the transformation of the rural population into an urban population, has thrived on a global scale. In 1800, the urban population still accounted for only 1% of the world’s population; in 1900 it rose slightly to 13%; in 1984, it soared to 40%. In just 180 years, the urban population more than doubled! Today, nearly 2 billion people around the world enjoy urban civilization. It can be predicted that by the 21st century urban population will make up the vast majority of the world’s population.