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一个振荡器自身的稳定度可以用两个辅助振荡器并在这三个振荡器中两两进行比较的方法来加以测定。如果不是同时进行三次比较,直接应用这种原理就会得出错误的结果。然而,这些结果是受了测试系统噪声的影响。为了对三个振荡器进行比较,提出了一些新的方法。这些方法应用方差和互相关的概念,能够单独地表征振荡器的特性,而在不相关时,则可减少杂散噪声源的影响。所以在频率和相位起伏测量中能够得到较好的分辨度。
The stability of an oscillator itself can be determined by comparing two auxiliary oscillators and comparing them in any of the three oscillators. If you do not compare three times at the same time, the direct application of this principle will yield the wrong result. However, these results are affected by the test system noise. In order to compare the three oscillators, some new methods have been proposed. These methods, applying the concept of variance and cross-correlation, characterize the oscillator separately and, if not, reduce the effects of spurious noise sources. So in the frequency and phase fluctuations in the measurement can get better resolution.