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东欧各国在80年代末开始向市场经济过渡。这个过渡将是非常困难和长期的过程。作者研究了东欧各国向市场经济过渡中的经验。本文试图概括迄今为止所做探索的某些结果。目的在于指出各国面临的问题和解决这些问题的可能途径。向价格形成的市场原则过渡不采用市场价格体系取代计划价格体系,从计划经济向市场经济过渡是不可能的。因此,东欧各国一般都是从放开价格(价格自由化)和为市场价格的形成创造条件开始经济改革的。
Eastern European countries began their transition to a market economy in the late 1980s. This transition will be a very difficult and long-term process. The author studied the experience of countries in Eastern Europe in their transition to a market economy. This article attempts to summarize some of the findings of the explorations so far. The purpose is to point out the problems facing all countries and the possible ways to solve them. The transition to the market principle of price formation does not replace the planned price system with the market price system, and it is impossible to make a transition from a planned economy to a market economy. As a result, Eastern European countries have generally started their economic reforms by liberalizing prices (price liberalization) and creating conditions for the formation of market prices.