印度作为世界人口大国之一,过去一直实行闭关 锁国政策。虽然实行的是资本主义制度,但由于 种种原因,国民经济发展缓慢,国力不强,人民生活水平不高,贫富差别悬殊,成为世界上不发达国家之一。80年代以来,随着世界经济的发展,印度政府的多次改组换届,特别是拉奥总理执政以来,对外门户开放,推行国际化战略,吸引外资与技术,积极促进国际贸易;对内推行私有化,走市场经济之路,改造国有企业,加强基础设施建设,扶持出口业,发展农业,在各方面都取得了一定的成效,大有腾飞之势,令世人瞩目。 笔者在国外工作期间,因工作需要,曾几次赴印度考察、谈判、采购施工机械,对印度的改革开放、企业管理、经 India, as one of the most populous countries in the world, has always adopted the policy of “closing its door to lock-in.” Although the capitalist system is practiced, due to various reasons, the slow development of the national economy, the weak national strength, the low standard of living of the people and the disparity between the rich and the poor have become one of the underdeveloped countries in the world. Since the 1980s, with the development of the world economy, the Indian government has repeatedly restructured its administration. In particular, since the premier Rao took office, the opening door to the outside world has promoted the internationalization strategy, attracting foreign investment and technology and actively promoting international trade. In order to transform the state-owned enterprises, strengthen the infrastructure construction, support the export industry and develop agriculture, we have achieved some success in all aspects. The trend of soaring has attracted worldwide attention. During my period of working abroad, I went to India several times to inspect, negotiate and purchase construction machinery, and to reform and open India, manage the enterprise,