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应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测１５９例乙型肝炎患者血清中巨细胞病毒脱氧核糖核酸（ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ），结合酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测血清中ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ，以ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ和（或）ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性为活动性ＣＭＶ感染诊断标志。结果显示：ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ和ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率分别为３０．１９％、１４．４７％。乙肝患者活动性ＣＭＶ感染率为３３．７０％，明显高于健康对照５．４３％。其中急性肝炎、慢性轻度肝炎、慢性中度肝炎、慢性重度肝炎及肝硬化感染率分别为１７．８６％、１６．６７％、４２．８６％、５０．００％、３４．７８％。与对照组相比，合并活动性ＣＭＶ感染的乙肝患者外周血ＣＤ４百分率降低而ＣＤ８百分率升高，导致ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值明显下降。提示：ＰＣＲ技术敏感性明显高于ＥＬＩＳＡ法，两法联合使用可早期、快速、准确诊断乙肝患者活动性ＣＭＶ感染。ＣＭＶ与ＨＢＶ重合感染可进一步抑制乙肝患者机体细胞免疫功能，使患者病情加重或迁延不愈。
The CMV-DNA in serum of 159 hepatitis B patients was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and CMV-IgM was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) And / or CMV-IgM positive diagnosis of active CMV infection signs. The results showed that the positive rates of CMV-DNA and CMV-IgM were 30.19% and 14.47% respectively. The active CMV infection rate in patients with hepatitis B was 33.70%, significantly higher than the healthy control 5.43%. The infection rates of acute hepatitis, chronic mild hepatitis, chronic moderate hepatitis, chronic severe hepatitis and cirrhosis were 17.86%, 16.67%, 42.86%, 50.00% and 34.78% respectively. Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD4 in the peripheral blood of patients with active CMV infection decreased and the percentage of CD8 increased, resulting in a significant decrease in the CD4 / CD8 ratio. Tip: PCR technology was significantly higher than the ELISA sensitivity, the two methods can be used in combination with early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of active CMV infection in patients with hepatitis B. CMV and HBV coincidence infection can further inhibit the cellular immune function in patients with hepatitis B, the patient aggravating or prolonged unhealed.