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背景:肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)是目前研究最深入的肿瘤坏死因子家族成员,因其由脂多糖激活的巨噬细胞产生分泌,被注射到荷瘤老鼠体内后能灭活肿瘤细胞而得名。目前研究发现许多细胞可合成分泌TNF α,包括活化的单核细胞、成纤维细胞以及内皮细胞等,人乳汁中也含有TNF α。被分泌出的TNF α多以二聚体或多聚体的形式存在能促进TNF α合成的常见细胞因子有IL-1、细菌内毒素、血小板衍生因子及抑瘤素M。TNF α有185个氨基酸,73及172位氨基酸糖基化。其与TNF β有30%的氨基酸同源,且两者有相同的受体,产生的细胞反应也类似。
BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is currently the most studied member of the tumor necrosis factor family. It is secreted by macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide and can be inactivated after being injected into the tumor-bearing mice name. The current study found that many cells can synthesize and secrete TNF α, including activated monocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, human milk also contains TNF α. Secreted TNFα mostly exists in the form of dimers or multimers. Common cytokines that promote TNFα synthesis include IL-1, bacterial endotoxin, platelet-derived factor and oncostatin. TNFα has 185 amino acids, amino acids 73 and 172 are glycosylated. It has 30% amino acid homology to TNFβ, and both have the same receptor, producing a similar cellular response.