AIM: To investigate the mechanism of resveratrol underlying the microcirculation disorder and lung injury following severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups (SAP, sham and resveratrol groups) randomly. SAP model was established by injecting 4% sodium taurocholate l mL/kg through puncturing pancreatic ducts. Sham (control) group (8 rats) was established by turning over the duodenum. Resveratrol was given at 0.1 mg/kg b.m. intraperitoneally. Rats were sacrificed 9 h after SAP was induced. Blood samples were obtained for hemorrheological examination. Lung tissues were used for pathological observation, and examination of microvascular permeability, dry/wet ratio and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with SAP group, resveratrol relieved the edema and infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs. Resveratrol improved markers of hemorrheology: high VTB (5.77±1.18 mPas vs9.49±1.34 mPas), low VTB (16.12±3.20 mPas vs30.91±7.28 mPas), PV (4.69±1.68 mPas vs 8.00±1.34 mPas), BSR (1.25±0.42 mm/h vs50.03±0.03 mm/h), VPC (54.67±3.08% vs 62.17±3.39%), fibrinogen (203.2?7.8 g/ L vs 51.3±19.1 g/L), original hemolysis (0.45±0.02 vs 0.49±0.02), and complete hemolysis (0.41±0.02 vs 0.43±0.02) (P<0.05). Resveratrol decreased the OD ratio of ICAM-1 gene (0.800±0.03 vs 1.188±0.10), dry/wet ratio (0.74±0.02 vs 0.77±0.03), microvascular permeability (0.079±0.006 vs 0.112±0.004) and MPO activity (4.42±0.32 vs 5.03±0.51) significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Resveratrol can improve the microcirculation disorder of the lung by decreasing leukocyte-endothelial interaction, reducing blood viscosity, improving the decrease of blood flow, and stabilizing erythrocytes in SAP rats. It may be a potential candidate to treat SAP and its severe complications (ALI). To investigate the mechanism of resveratrol underlying the microcirculation disorder and lung injury following severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups (SAP, sham and resveratrol groups) randomly. SAP model was established by injecting Sham (control group) (8 rats) was established by turning over the duodenum. Resveratrol was given at 0.1 mg / kg bm intraperitoneally. Rats were sacrificed 9 h after SAP was induced Lung tissues were used for pathological observation, and examination of microvascular permeability, dry / wet ratio and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with SAP group, resveratrol relieved the edema and infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs. Resveratrol improved markers of hemorrheology: high VTB (5.77 ± 1.18 mPas vs9.49 ± 1.34 mPas), low VTB (16.12 ± 3.20 mPas vs30.91 ± 7.28 mPas), PV (4.69 ± 1.68 mPas vs8.00 ± 1.34 mPas), BSR (1.25 ± 0.42 mm / h vs50 .03 ± 0.03 mm / h), VPC (54.67 ± 3.08% vs 62.17 ± 3.39%), fibrinogen (203.2? 7.8 g / L vs 51.3 ± 19.1 g / , and complete hemolysis (0.41 ± 0.02 vs 0.43 ± 0.02) (P <0.05) .Resveratrol decreased the OD ratio of ICAM-1 gene (0.800 ± 0.03 vs 1.188 ± 0.10), dry / wet ratio (P <0.05) .Conclusion: Resveratrol can improve the microcirculation disorder of the lung by decreasing leukocyte-endothelial interaction (0.079 ± 0.006 vs 0.112 ± 0.004) and MPO activity (4.42 ± 0.32 vs 5.03 ± 0.51) , reducing blood viscosity, improving the decrease of blood flow, and stabilizing erythrocytes in SAP rats. It may be a potential candidate to treat SAP and its severe complications (ALI).