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In 2011,ISBT reconfirmed three antigens of P1PK blood group system and clarified the definition of related antigens. The three antigens of the P1Pk blood group belong to the paracosides and glycoside antigens respectively. It has been confirmed that the gene of this antigen is A4GALT and three exon sequences,and the encoded glycosyltransferase has 353 amino acids. Gene mutations occur mainly in exon 3. P1PK blood group antibodies have cold antibodies and autoantibodies, individual can cause hemolysis. This article describes the latest research progress of the antigen,and clarifies some past mistakes and vague understanding.