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1古人云:开门两件事,耕田与读书。古人是谁?大约是我祖父辈以上的人吧。而我祖父活着时也爱说“古人云”。古人的古人都在“古人云”——清人张履祥云:读而废耕,饥寒交至;耕而废读,礼仪遂亡。晋人陶渊明云:既耕亦已种,时还读我书。把耕田与读书看得如此之重的,是中国漫长的耕读时代。这一时代的真正终结是在20世纪初叶,也就是我祖父生活的那个时期,所以能说出“开门两件事,耕田与读书”话的古人,约莫就是我祖父辈以上的人吧。耕田,侍弄庄稼,获得物质,养活自己也养活家人;读书,读圣贤的书,不为入仕做官,为知书达理,为懂得礼义廉耻忠孝信。
An old saying goes: two things open the door, farming and reading. Who is the ancients? It is about the people above my grandfather. And my grandfather also loved to say “Ancient Cloud” when he was alive. The ancients of the ancients are in the “ancients cloud” - Qing Zhang Shuxiang cloud: read waste farming, hunger and cold to pay; farming and waste to read, etiquette then died. Tao Yuanming Jin people: both farming has also been planted, but also read my book. To regard farming and reading as such is the long era of farming in China. The real end of this era was at the beginning of the 20th century, that is, the period when my grandfather lived, so the ancients who spoke the words “open two doors, plow and read books,” was probably more than my grandparents It Farming, patronize crops, access to material, feed themselves to feed their families; reading books, reading sages of the book, not for officials to become officials, to know the truth, to know how to honor and shameful loyalty and filial piety.