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目的探讨车载直接数字化X射线摄影(DR)与车载高千伏(HKV)2种胸部摄影方法的优缺点,阐明DR技术在粉尘作业人员职业健康检查中的应用价值。方法随机选取煤尘作业人员87名,分别进行胸部车载DR和车载HKV摄影。将胸片按摄影方法分为DR组和HKV组,对2组胸片摄影质量及其分级、尘肺病X射线胸片表现等进行比较分析。结果 HKV组胸片符合胸片基本要求、解剖标志显示良好和曝光度适中的符合率分别为62.07%、88.51%和72.41%,DR组的符合率分别78.16%、98.85%和100.00%。HKV组胸片优、良和差废片率分别为40.23%、36.78%、22.99%,无检出观察对象;而DR组胸片优、良和差废片率分别为78.16%、20.69%、1.15%,检出2例粉尘作业人员观察对象。结论车载DR技术条件易于控制,其胸片质量优于HKV胸片,相对更适用于粉尘作业人员的职业健康检查。
Objective To explore the advantages and disadvantages of two direct chest radiography radiography (DR) and vehicle high kV (HKV) chest radiography and clarify the value of DR technique in occupational health examination of dust workers. Methods A total of 87 coal dust operators were randomly selected and were respectively subjected to chest DR and vehicle HKV photography. The chest radiographs were divided into the DR group and the HKV group according to the method of photography. The radiographic quality and grade of the radiographs of the two groups were compared. The radiographic manifestations of pneumoconiosis were compared. Results According to the basic requirements of the chest radiograph, the coincidence rates of the good and the good exposure were 62.07%, 88.51% and 72.41% respectively in the HKV group and those in the DR group were 78.16%, 98.85% and 100.00% respectively. In the HKV group, the excellent, poor and poor scrap pieces rates were 40.23%, 36.78% and 22.99%, respectively. There were no detectable objects in the HKV group. The excellent, bad and bad scrap pieces in the DR group were 78.16%, 20.69% and 1.15% , Detected 2 cases of dust workers observed. Conclusion The technical condition of vehicle DR is easy to control. The quality of the chest radiograph is superior to that of HKV chest radiograph. It is more suitable for occupational health examination of dust workers.