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为了使TOPMODEL模型结构更合理,并能够用于半湿润地区或半干旱地区的径流过程模拟,文章对TOPMODEL模型的蒸发产流模块以及汇流模块进行改进,在蒸发产流模块中添加植被冠层截留蒸散发模型和Holtan超渗产流模型,汇流模块中坡面汇流采用瞬时单位线模型,河道汇流采用马斯京根河道洪水演进模型。通过对半湿润地区流域内降雨径流过程的模拟验证,表明通过对TOPMODEL模型的改进,模型对半湿润地区的降雨径流过程模拟精度有很大的提高,拓展了TOPMODEL模型适用范围。
In order to make the structure of TOPMODEL model more reasonable and to be used for the simulation of runoff in semi-humid or semi-arid regions, the evaporation and effluent modules of TOPMODEL model and the confluence module are improved. The vegetation canopy cut-off Evapotranspiration model and Holtan hyperspeacity model. The instantaneous unit-line model of confluence was adopted in the confluence module and the Muskingum flood evolution model was adopted in the river confluence. Through the simulation of rainfall runoff in semi-humid areas, it shows that by improving the TOPMODEL model, the simulation accuracy of rainfall runoff process in semi-humid areas has been greatly improved, and the scope of TOPMODEL model has been expanded.